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General Studies – 1
Topic: Social empowerment
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
The G20 Summit in Delhi adopted a Declaration which resolved to set up a “working group on the empowerment of women.” Given the continuing discrimination against women and girls, this is welcome.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the causes for gender inequality and its impact and ways to overcome it.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by giving context.
Body:
First, write about the various causes for gender inequality – historic, educational, economic and social causes.
Next, write about the how the gender inequality impacts the Indian society. Cite examples and statistics to substantiate.
Next, write about the various measures needed to bridge the gender gap. Throw light on the importance of laws in promoting gender equality.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Chapter-1 – NCERT XII – Politics in India since Independence
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the impact of Partition on India.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning how transfer of power happened hastily resulting in a massive humanitarian crisis.
Body:
In detail, bring out the various issues that were caused due to abrupt and unplanned partition. Communal clashes, refugee crisis, minority issues, threat of administrative breakdown etc.
Mention how the leaders responded to Partition and write about its present-day impact.
Conclusion:
Write about the bitter lessons learnt that made India to evolve into an inclusive and a secular democracy.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Parliament and State legislatures—structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
The 18-day winter session of Parliament that was adjourned sine die on December 21 marked a new low in India’s parliamentary democracy as the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party refused to engage with the Opposition, evaded executive accountability and passed a battery of Bills with far-reaching consequences for the country while a majority of the Opposition members remained suspended.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about importance of debates in the parliament for our democracy.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Introduction:
Begin by writing about the importance of parliamentary debates and discussion to our democracy.
Body:
Further elaborate how these debates and deliberations are enriching for our democracy. Cite examples to substantiate your points.
Next, give instances of reduced discussions on debates in key national issues in the parliament.
Next, evaluate the legislative process with respect of debates and discussions. Mention hasty passage of bills, frequent litigations, lack of expertise, bypassing Rajya Sabha, lack of referral to parliamentary committees etc.
Mention the measures that are needed to remedy this situation.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
Insufficient jobs and incomes are the Achilles heel of India’s economy.
Key Demand of the question:
To explain about inclusive growth, impediments to it and measures needed to overcome them.
Directive word:
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by defining inclusive growth and its key components.
Body:
In the first, in detail write the impediments for inclusive growth – Poverty, lack of adequate employment opportunities, lack of adequate education and skill development and governance deficit, especially in backward regions etc. Mention the impact of covid-19 pandemic on inclusive growth efforts.
Suggest measures and solutions to address these issues.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Disaster and disaster management.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
A leak of ammonia gas from an underwater pipeline supplying to an industrial unit near Periyakuppam in Ennore led to hundreds of residents rushing out to the roads complaining of difficulty in breathing, eyes going cold, burning of and face.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the steps needed to prevent Chemical disasters in the country.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, write about chemical disasters and impact of such disasters such as loss of lives, property, harm to surrounding environment etc.
Next, mention the steps that are put in place to prevent such disasters – Explosives Act 1884 Petroleum Act 1934, Factories Act 1948, Insecticides Act 1968, Environment Protection Act 1986 Motor Vehicles Act 1988, Public Liability Insurance Act 1991, Disaster Management Act 2005
Next, examine the efficacy of the above in preventing chemical disasters and write about its limitations citing recent examples.
Next, write about the furthers steps that are required to prevent chemical disasters.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing about a way forward to have robust mechanism to deal with chemical disasters.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Ethics and Human Interface: Essence, determinants and consequences of Ethics in-human actions;
Difficulty level: Easy
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable (revision).
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the ways to strengthen moral character among civil servants.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning about moral relativism.
Body:
Write about the various determinants that are involved in deciding whether an action is moral right or wrong. Write about the variation or relativity of moral actions across time and space. Substantiate wit examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
Topic: Attitude: content, structure, function; its influence and relation with thought and behaviour; moral and political attitudes; social influence and persuasion
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude by Lexicon Publications.
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of Mission-2024 Secure (revision).
Key Demand of the question:
to develop a link between changing your attitude and changing your behaviour.
Directive:
Elucidate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
In the introduction, define attitude and behaviour. Mention the difference between attitude and behaviour.
Body:
With relevant examples elaborate on how attitude can be change and that change in the resultant behaviour.
How behavior and attitude affect us and the need to adopt behaviours which are of empathy, compassion, fortitude and integrity.
Conclusion:
Complete the answer by stressing how changing to right behaviours and attitude can impact our life positively.
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