[MISSION 2024] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 25 December 2023

Ans: (b)

Explanation: About All India Judicial Service:

• The All-India Judicial Service (AIJS) is a proposed judicial service in India.
• The AIJS was added to the constitution in 1976 by the 42nd Constitution Amendment.
• Article 312 of the Constitution provides for the establishment of the AIJS for posts of district judge and above
• The AIJS will not include any post inferior to that of a District Judge

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/25/the-proposition-of-creating-an-all-india-judicial-service-aijs/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Context: Rare iridescent clouds, known as nacreous clouds, were spotted over parts of Scotland, northern England, and the West Midlands recently.
• S1 and S3: Nacreous clouds need temperatures below -78C to form. These extreme temperatures are only found much higher up in the atmosphere at altitudes of around 15-25km, known as the stratosphere.
  • In contrast, the clouds we usually see form within the troposphere, the area of the atmosphere that extends up to around 10km.
• S2: The clouds, resembling the mother of pearl, are known for their pastel light reflections during sunset and sunrise.
  • This phenomenon occurs as sunlight diffracts around tiny ice crystals within the clouds, creating an effect similar to a thin layer of oil on water.
• Nacreous clouds are rare in the UK and are usually seen when cold air from the polar vortex temporarily hovers over the region.
• S4: The mechanism behind iridescent clouds is diffraction, which occurs when small water droplets or small ice crystals scatter the sun’s light. Larger ice crystals do not produce iridescence but can cause halos.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/25/iridescent-clouds/

Ans: (c)

Explanation

• Cumulonimbus is a dense, towering vertical cloud, typically forming from water vapor condensing in the lower troposphere that builds upward carried by powerful buoyant air currents. Above the lower portions of the cumulonimbus the water vapor becomes ice crystals, such as snow and graupel, the interaction of which can lead to hail and to lightning formation, respectively.
• Cumulonimbus storm cells can produce torrential rain of a convective nature.
• Stages of a cumulonimbus cloud’s life:

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/25/iridescent-clouds/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• The iridescent colors of nacreous clouds result from the diffraction and interference of sunlight by tiny ice crystals in the clouds. These ice crystals play a crucial role in creating the unique and beautiful visual effects associated with nacreous clouds.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/25/iridescent-clouds/

Ans: (c)

Explanation

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/25/palna-scheme/

Ans:(c )

Explanation:

• Context: India’s Chief Economic Advisor (CEA) in its recent paper has raised concerns about the sovereign credit rating system.
• Credit Rating in India SEBI in India regulates credit rating agencies, including CRISIL, CARE, ICRA, Acuité Ratings, Brickwork Rating, India Rating and Research Pvt. Ltd, and Infomerics Valuation and Rating Pvt. Ltd.

Refer:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/25/sovereign-credit-rating/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• According to epigraphic evidence, we have references of measurement units such as – “Kulyavapa”, “dronavapa”, “adhavapa” and “Pataka” from Bengal, nivratana” and “bhumi” from Central India and “nivartana and “padavarta” from Western India.

Refer: UPSC CSE 2020

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Hundi is a financial instrument that developed in Medieval India for use in trade and credit transactions.

Refer:UPSC CSE 2020

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• S1: Aurang was a Persian term for a warehouse – a place where goods are collected before being sold. The term also refers to a workshop.
• S2: The term banian is the Anglicised form of the Sanskrit and Bangla word banik (merchant). In Anglo-Indian society and among the natives too a banian was one who was engaged by an individual western merchant or a firm to work for them as a broker, interpreter and agent.
• S3: Under the ryotwari settlement system, the government recognized mirasidars as the sole proprietors of land, dismissing tenants’ rights completely.

Refer: UPSC CSE 2020

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• A reserve tranche is a portion of the required quota of currency each member country must provide to the International Monetary Fund (IMF) that can be utilized for its own purposes—without a service fee or economic reform conditions.

Refer: UPSC CSE 2020