[MISSION 2024] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 20 December 2023

Ans: (a)

Explanation

• Context: The SC has directed the GoI to establish a Delimitation Commission to address the need for increased reserved seats for SCs and STs in Lok Sabha and State assemblies
• Articles 81 and 170 of Indian constitution specify that the population ratio for Lok Sabha and State Legislative Assembly constituencies should be the same, as practicable.
• Article 327 of Indian Constitution empowers Parliament to make laws related to delimitation, and such laws are immune from being questioned in court.

Refer : https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/20/dilution-of-right-to-vote-one-person-one-vote-one-value/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Context: The SC has directed the GoI to establish a Delimitation Commission to address the need for increased reserved seats for SCs and STs in Lok Sabha and State assemblies
• Delimitation is the act of redrawing boundaries of Lok Sabha and state Assembly seats to represent changes in population. The main objective of delimitation is to provide equal representation to equal segments of a population.
• Delimitation is carried out by an independent Delimitation Commission, appointed by the Government of India under provisions of the Delimitation Commission Act. The Delimitation Commission is appointed by the President of India and works in collaboration with the Election Commission of India. It is composed of the following: a retired Supreme Court judge, the Chief Election Commissioner of India and respective State Election Commissioners.
• The Commission is a powerful and independent body whose orders cannot be challenged in any court of law. The orders are laid before the Lok Sabha and the respective State Legislative Assemblies. However, modifications are not permitted.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/20/dilution-of-right-to-vote-one-person-one-vote-one-value/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Context: On 19th December 1961, India annexed Goa from Portuguese rule through Operation Vijay, following years of failed diplomatic efforts. It was initially a UT and was Declared the 25th Independent State of India on May 30, 1987.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/20/goa-liberation-day-3/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Context: A surprising phenomenon has been observed in the Himalayas, where ‘katabatic’ winds are triggered when high temperatures affect high-altitude ice masses.
  • This leads to cold air blowing to lower-altitude areas, potentially slowing down the effects of the global climate crisis in some regions.
  • The study reveals that a temperature gap between air above the mountains and cooler air in contact with ice masses causes increased turbulent heat exchange, leading to stronger cooling of the surface air mass.
• Anabatic Winds – These Winds are upslope winds driven by warmer surface temperatures on a mountain slope than the surrounding air column.
• Katabatic Winds – Katabatic winds are downslope winds created when the mountain surface is colder than the surrounding air and create a downslope wind.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/20/katabatic-winds/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Context: People with blood disorders like thalassemia, haemophilia, and sickle cell disease are not eligible for job reservations in government roles under the Persons with Disabilities category, according to India’s Social Justice Ministry.
• 4% reservation in government jobs is available for people with disabilities
• Every government establishment must reserve 1% of the total number of vacancies for people with benchmark disabilities.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/20/people-with-blood-disorder-not-eligible-for-reservation/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Context: Grass pea, also known as khesari dal, has been historically infamous for causing lathyrism, a neurological disease leading to lower limb paralysis.
• Lathyrism is a neurological disorder caused by eating too much grass pea (Lathyrus sativus). It’s also known as neurolathyrism
• Lathyrism is one of the oldest known neurotoxic disorders. It’s a skeletal disorder caused by the toxin BAPN, which inhibits the copper-containing enzyme lysyl oxidase.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/20/lathyrism/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Context: The United Nations has declared 2024 as the International Year of Camelids to emphasize the significant importance of camelids, such as alpacas, Bactrian camels, dromedaries, guanacos, llamas, and vicuñas, in the lives of people worldwide.
• Camelids contribute to food security, nutrition, and economic growth in over 90 countries, especially for Indigenous Peoples and local communities.
• They play a crucial role in meeting Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by providing sources of milk, meat, fibre, and transportation.
• The International Year of Camelids 2024 aims to raise awareness of their untapped potential and encourage increased investment in the camelid sector, promoting research, capacity development, and innovative practices and technologies.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/20/2024-is-the-international-year-of-camelids/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Context: In response to the increasing threat of cyberattacks, the Indian government has established a secure e-mail system for 10,000 users in critical ministries and departments
• Zero Trust Authentication (ZTA) is a security framework that requires users to be authenticated and authorized before being granted access to applications and data.
• Option A This statement is incorrect. Zero Trust Authentication aims to move beyond relying solely on traditional username and password combinations. It emphasizes continuous verification and multiple layers of security.
• Option B This statement is incorrect. The core principle of Zero Trust Authentication is to trust no one and nothing by default, regardless of whether they are inside or outside the network. Verification is required from everyone and every device trying to access resources.
• Option C This statement is correct. Zero Trust Authentication is built on the assumption that threats may exist both outside and inside the network. It requires continuous authentication and verification of users and devices, irrespective of their location.
• Option D This statement is incorrect. Zero Trust Authentication is not about open and unrestricted access. Instead, it emphasizes the need to verify and authenticate all users and devices, regardless of their location or whether they are inside or outside the network perimeter.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/20/zero-trust-authentication-zta/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Only statement 1 is correct.
• Context: In the last four weeks, Houthi militants from Yemen have attacked commercial ships 12 times. Prominent shipping fleet operators have paused/rerouted their movements through the Red Sea route.
• S3: Sanaa is its constitutionally stated capital and largest city
• S1 and s2: Yemen is a country in West Asia located at the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula. It shares borders with Saudi Arabia and Oman and maritime borders with Eritrea, Djibouti, and Somalia. Yemen is a member of the Arab League, the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement, and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/20/yemen-houthi-rebels/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• The six countries bordering the Red Sea are: Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Egypt, Sudan, Eritrea and Djibouti.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/20/yemen-houthi-rebels/