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General Studies – 1
Topic: Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Live Mint
Why the question:
An international war has broken out to attract post-pandemic travellers that we ought to join in earnest. Our current tourist arrivals are well below the potential of a country that offers Himalayan retreats, medieval palaces and backwater cruises.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the potential of tourism sector in India and the steps that India needs to take to boost tourism in the country.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving statistic related to tourism in India.
Body:
First, write about the status of tourism in India. Give facts and figures related to revenue and forex earnings, tourist footfalls.
Next, highlight the areas where work is needed in the tourism sector– security, infrastructure, connectivity and so on.
Next, discuss the steps that need to be taken still to fill in the gaps and attract tourism in the country amidst global competition.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Indian Constitution—historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha suspended 141 Opposition Members of Parliament (MPs) for disrupting its proceedings in the ongoing winter session of Parliament.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about features of parliamentary form of government, its pros and cons.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by describing parliamentary form of government adopted by India.
Body:
In the first part, write about the major features of Parliamentary forms of government in India. Nominal and Real Head, Executive is a Part of Legislature, Majority Party Rule, Collective Responsibility etc.
Next, write about its advantages – Represents Diverse Group, Better Co-Ordination Between Legislature and Executive etc.
Next, write about its limitations of the parliamentary form of government.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a balanced opinion on parliamentary form of government.
Topic: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
The quality of our labour force has to keep pace with our developmental needs. And, this can only happen if our youth are well supported to achieve their aspirations and participate productively in the economy.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the benefits of promoting digital literacy and steps needed to do so.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context of digital literacy in the country.
Body:
First, write about the advantages of promoting digital literacy.
Next, write about the roadblock to digital literacy in the country.
Next, write about the measures to promote digital literacy.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes; mechanisms, laws, institutions and Bodies constituted for the protection and betterment of these vulnerable sections.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
The incidence of school students being made to clean a septic tank is not just shocking, but alarming too. It happened with students of classes seven to nine at Morarji Desai Residential School in Yeluvahalli, Karnataka, on December 1.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the persistent practise of manual scavenging despite being banned and steps needed to stop it and create alternative livelihoods.
Directive:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, write about reasons for lack of effective implementation of the law – lack of alternative livelihood opportunities for affected communities, political will, resources, and capacity-building of government agencies.
Next, write about the steps we can take in this regard – multi-pronged approach that addresses the root causes of the problem, provides alternative livelihood opportunities, ensures effective implementation of laws and policies, and promotes public awareness campaigns to change societal attitudes etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic: basics of cyber security;
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3
Key Demand of the question:
To write about cyber warfare and India’s preparedness in tackling cyber warfare challenges.
Directive word:
Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence. You must appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming an opinion here.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining cyber-warfare.
Body:
In the first part, mention the various kinds of cyber weapons – Viruses, phishing, computer worms and malware, distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, hacking, spyware or cyber espionage, ransomware and propaganda or disinformation campaigns etc.
Next, write about the various mechanisms and organisation to deal with cyber-warfare. Write about their strengths and limitations.
Next, write about vulnerabilities of India to cyber warfare.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to overcome the above-mentioned vulnerabilities.
General Studies – 4
Topic: ethical issues in international relations
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of Mission-2024 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the role of ethics in international relations
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing about the overall role of ethics in international relations.
Body:
With examples, substantiate on the point as to how ethics grants and withdraws legitimacy to international acts and relations. Use examples to explain your points. Mention that not always the legitimacy and ethics are considered in international relations.
Conclusion:
Mention the importance of upholding ethics in international relations.
Topic: corporate governance.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of Mission-2024 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about shortcomings of corporate governance in India.
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining corporate governance.
Body:
Write about the various limitations and shortcomings of corporate governance – frequent scams, lack of transparency, absences of accountability, corruption etc. Give recent examples like Yes bank, NSE scam.
Suggest steps to overcome the above.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
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