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General Studies – 1
Topic: Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
On December 19, 1961, India annexed Goa in a quick military operation, after years of diplomatic efforts to secure its independence from Portugal failed.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about liberation of goa, operation Vijay and the reasons for military intervention in Goa.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Introduction:
Begin by giving context about annexation of Goa.
Body:
First, write about the causes for need for liberation of Goa from the Portuguese colonial rule and obstacles faced by India.
Next, write about the various measures taken by India to liberate India from Portuguese and launch of operation Vijay to liberate it through military action.
Next, write about the need for military action for a nation that professed non-violence in the liberation of Goa.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
Topic: poverty and developmental issues
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Down to Earth
Why the question:
In September, the World Bank and Unicef estimated that every second extreme poor individual in the world is a child, surviving on less than US$2.15 a day. This translates to 333 million children (under 18 years of age) growing up in extreme poverty in 2022. Going by this estimate, we have added more children to poverty than adults.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the benefits of having child centric poverty alleviation poverty.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context about child poverty.
Body:
First, write about the short- and long-term impact of child poverty on children and future of the nation.
Next, write about the need to make the poverty alleviation schemes child centric and the impact it will create.
Next, write about the ways to do so.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: The Hindu , Live Mint
Why the question:
The introduction of the Telecommunications Bill, 2023, inches closer to achieving the Union government’s long-standing aim of consolidating the law for wireless networks and Internet service providers
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the features of Telecommunications Bill, 2023, its pros and cons.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing about the aims and objectives of Telecommunications Bill, 2023,
Body:
First, elaborate upon the major features of Telecommunications Bill, 2023.
Next, discuss the pros of the bill – Regulatory Framework, Consumer Protection, Digital Inclusion etc.
Next, write about the cons of the bill – Privacy issues, complex procedures, over-regulation etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
The Centre has notified 111 national waterways across 24 states, with a bulk of the sector’s development happening under the NDA government.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the potential and challenges of inland waterways in India.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, write in detail about the major inland waterways function and proposed in the country.
Next, write about the advantages offered by inland waterways – Cost-Effective, Reduced Congestion, Environmentally Friendly etc.
Next, write about the limitations of the above – Limited Infrastructure, Seasonal Constraints, Limited Routes etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward.
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Environment by Shankar
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the importance of sacred groves and threats faced by them.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining a sacred grove and give examples of sacred groves.Body:
First, write in detail about the importance of sacred groves – dense cover of vegetation including climbers, herbs, shrubs and trees, maintained by rural communities etc.
Next, write about the threats faced by sacred groves – destruction, enrichment due to ever-expanding human populations, pollution and removal of biomass
Next, write about the measures that are needed to safeguard these sacred groves.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: ethics – in private and public relationships;
Difficulty level: Easy
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of Mission-2024 Secure.
Directive:
Elucidate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Define ethics in respect to administration and mention the need to knowing the distinction between your powerful rights and the right thing to do.
Body:
From the perspective of an administrator further elaborate on the quote and as to why it is imperative for the administrator to do the right thing. Use examples to substantiate your point.
Bring out the various facets of integrity, impartiality and nonpartisanship, objectivity, dedication to public service, empathy, tolerance and compassion towards the weaker-sections that an administrator has to consider before taking any actions.
Mention certain principle, theories and benchmarks one can to take the right decision especially when faced with an ethical dilemma. Eg: Gandhi’s Talisman. Etc.
Conclusion:
Complete by summarizing the need for doing the right thing especially for those who are in power.
Topic: accountability and ethical governance; strengthening of ethical and moral values in governance;
Difficulty level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of Mission-2024 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about ways to build and maintain a culture of accountability in government organisations
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by defining accountability.
Body:
With relevant examples elaborate on how an culture of accountability can be instilled – citizen charters, RTI, Reward & Recognition, Autonomy & Trust, Feedback & Coaching, communication etc.
Conclusion:
Complete the answer writing about the link between accountability and efficiency.
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