[MISSION 2024] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 15 December 2023

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Statement 3 is wrong.
• Context: Recently concluded COP28 to UNFCCC in Dubai, delivered significant outcomes
• What is COP28?
  • COP28 is the 28th annual United Nations (UN) climate meeting, which took place from November 30 to December 12, 2023 in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE). COP stands for the 28th Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The conference is where governments discuss how to prepare for and limit future climate change.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/15/important-outcomes-of-cop28/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• S1: The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), the 1994 international agreement that lays down the broad principles of the global effort to fight climate change, acknowledges the differentiated responsibility of nations.
• S2: It makes it clear that rich countries shall provide both the finance and the technology to developing nations to help tackle climate change.
  • In 2009, developed countries agreed to provide US$ 100 billion every year from 2020 to help developing nations fight climate change. However, they are struggling to fulfill this promise.
  • It was after much struggle that developing countries and environment groups managed to establish a separate channel on loss and damages. The Warsaw International Mechanism (WIM) for Loss and Damages, set up in 2013, was the first formal acknowledgment of the need to compensate developing countries struck by climate disasters.
• S3: COP28 countries agreed to launch the Loss and Damage (L&D) fund, hosted by the World Bank for four years, aligning with UNFCCC and the Paris Agreement. All developing countries are eligible, and contributions are voluntary, with a specific percentage earmarked for Least Developed Countries and Small Island Developing States.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/15/important-outcomes-of-cop28/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Global stocktake is a process for countries to see where they’re collectively making progress towards meeting the goals of the Paris Agreement. As per the Paris Agreement (2015), it was decided that countries would assess their progress for the first time in 2023 and, then, every five years.
• It noted that there is a need to cut 43% of GHG emissions by 2030, compared to 2019 levels and countries are off-track in meeting their climate goals.
• The Global Stocktake is a comprehensive assessment that considers not only mitigation efforts (greenhouse gas emissions reduction) but also adaptation measures and the support provided to developing countries, including financial and technological assistance.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/15/important-outcomes-of-cop28/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• PPCA, a coalition involving governments, businesses, and organizations, focuses on transitioning from unabated coal power to clean energy. At COP28, PPCA welcomed new national and subnational governments, advocating for cleaner energy alternatives. India is not part of PPCA as it has not committed to phasing out of coal.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/15/important-outcomes-of-cop28/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The goal of the Buildings Breakthrough Initiative is to make near-zero emissions and resilient buildings the new normal by 2030. The initiative is co-led by France and the Kingdom of Morocco, coordinated under the umbrella of UNEP, and hosted by the Global Alliance for Buildings and Construction (Global ABC)

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/15/important-outcomes-of-cop28/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Global River Cities Alliance (GRCA): led by the National Mission for Clean Ganga (NMCG) under the Ministry of Jal Shakti, was launched at COP28.
  • It is a unique alliance covering 275+ global river cities in 11 countries, international funding agencies and knowledge management partners and is the first of its kind in the world.
  • The launch of GRCA signifies a momentous step in global efforts toward river conservation and sustainable water management.
• Green Credit Initiative: The Initiative aims to create a global trade forum facilitating the exchange of innovative environmental programmes and instruments.
  • The Green Credit Initiative, launched at COP28, aligns with Mission LiFE which aims to minimise per capita carbon footprint by promoting mindful utilisation instead of wasteful consumption.
• LeadIT 2.0: launched at COP 28, focuses on co-development and transfer of low-carbon technology and financial assistance to emerging economies.
• Green Development Pact: it provides pathways for nations in their journey towards achieving energy, climate, environment and disaster resilience-related objectives.
  • Green Development Pact includes key ambitions such as tripling of global renewable capacity by 2030.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/15/important-outcomes-of-cop28/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Statements 1 and 2 are correct.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/15/mohiniyattam/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Others including Bhagat Singh were tried in various other conspiracies, but Bhagat SIngh and Dutt were tried under Assembly Bomb Case
• Context: The recent serious breach of security in Parliament brought to light the revolutionary activities of Bhagat Singh.
• Background:
  • Over 94 years ago, on April 8, 1929, Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt threw feeble bombs and pamphlets in Delhi’s Central Assembly (now referred to as the Indian Parliament) to protest against the oppressive British rule.
  • The revolutionary act aimed to expose the ineffectiveness of the Indian Parliament, which lacked autonomy and failed to address nationalist demands.
  • The Hindustan Socialist Republican Association, led by Chandrashekhar Azad, orchestrated the action to “make the deaf hear” and draw attention to the repressive measures imposed by the British government.
  • The well-planned event resulted in Bhagat Singh and Dutt’s arrest, and they were later sentenced to life in prison. Bhagat Singh, ultimately facing charges related to the murder of a British police officer, was hanged in 1931.

Refer:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/15/bhagat-singh-3/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• The HRA was founded by a group of young men who were disillusioned by Gandhi’s tactics and what they felt was zealous preaching of “non-violence.”
• Ram Prasad Bismil and Ashfaqulla Khan, both of whom had a flair for poetry, were among the group’s founders. Others included Sachindra Nath Bakshi and trade unionist Jogesh Chandra Chatterjee. Figures such as Chandra Shekhar Azad and Bhagat Singh would also join the HRA. Their manifesto released on January 1, 1925, was titled Krantikari (Revolutionary).
• It proclaimed, “The immediate object of the revolutionary party in the domain of politics is to establish a federal Republic of United States of India by an organized and armed revolution.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/15/bhagat-singh-3/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Context: A tiger has been spotted at a record-high elevation of 3,640 meters in the Pangolakha Wildlife Sanctuary in Sikkim. This marks the highest elevation in India where tigers have been observed, surpassing the previous record of 3,630 meters in Arunachal Pradesh.
• Location:The Pangalokha Wildlife Sanctuary is situated at the tri-junction of Sikkim, Bengal, and Bhutan. The Pangolakha range in the east separates Sikkim from Bhutan
• Size: It is the largest wildlife sanctuary in Sikkim.
• Connectivity: Linked to Neora Valley National Park of West Bengal, forests of Samtse and Haa district in Bhutan.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/12/15/pangolakha-wildlife-sanctuary/