Facts for Prelims (FFP)
Source: TH
Context: The indigenous Koya tribe in Andhra Pradesh, residing in the Papikonda hill range, has embraced eco-friendly practices to conserve the Indian Bison (Bos gaurus).
- Koyas have replaced traditional Indian Bison horns with palm leaves to craft their traditional flute, Permakor
What is Permakore?
Permakore is a traditional flute, originally made from Indian Bison horns, and is now created using palm leaves as an eco-friendly alternative. The flute serves as a communication tool during hunting, celebrations, and festivals.
About
Papikonda National Park is situated near Rajamahendravaram in the Papi Hills of Andhra Pradesh. Since 2014, no part of Papikonda has extended beyond East and West Godavari districts due to the construction of the Polavaram Dam.
The Papikondalu Hill Range, also known as the Bison Hill Range, was declared a sanctuary in 1978 and upgraded to a national park in 2008, with the Indian Bison as its megafauna species.
About Koya Tribes:
| Aspect | Details |
| Koya Tribe Overview | The Koya tribe is the largest Adivasi tribe in Telangana, listed as a Scheduled Tribe in the region. The community is widespread across the Telugu-speaking states of Telangana and Andhra Pradesh. |
| Self-Identification | Koyas commonly refer to themselves as Dorala Sattam (Lords group) and Putta Dora (original lords). In their dialect, they are known as “Koitur,” akin to Gonds. |
| Habitat and Livelihood | The Godavari and Sabari rivers significantly influence the economic, social, and cultural life of the Koyas. Primarily settled cultivators, they grow crops like Jowar, Ragi, Bajra, and other millets. |
| Language | Telgu |
| Religion and Festivals | Key deities for the Koyas include Lord Bhima, Korra Rajulu, Mamili, and Potaraju. Major festivals include Vijji Pandum (seeds charming festival) and Kondala Kolupu (festival to appease Hill deities). |
| Traditional Dance | Koyas engage in a vibrant dance called Permakok ata (Bison horn dance) during festivals and marriage ceremonies. |
