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General Studies – 1
Topic: Social empowerment
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
The article discusses that there need to be more inclusive opportunities and employment in the rural areas as a majority of persons with disabilities live here
Key Demand of the question:
To write about Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016, its successes and limitations in ensuring accessibility and steps needed to overcome limitations.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing about the aims and objectives of Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016.
Body:
First, mention the major provisions of Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 and mention how it was a landmark step to boost inclusivity and accessibility.
Next, write about various shortcomings of Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016 and also additional barriers the disabled face in India.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to achieve inclusivity.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The article discusses the challenges and failures faced by the transitional committee responsible for addressing the Loss and Damage (L&D) fund during COP-28 (Conference of Parties – 28)
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the concept of loss and damage and its effectiveness.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by defining the concept of Loss and Damage (L&D) fund and give context of COP28.
Body:
First, explain in detail the concept of Loss and Damage (L&D) fund and how it works in order to ensure that vulnerable countries are compensated by rich countries.
Next, write about whether or not, rich countries have an obligation of compensate the poor countries by taking in to account their historic emissions that have resulted in climate change. Write about the effectiveness of the fund and limitations it faces
Conclusion:
Conclude by stating a balanced opinion.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
In recent years India has steadily increased its coal production. However, it stands in stark contrast to the country’s ambitious plans of achieving net-zero.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the importance of coal for India and steps that are needed to harness it effectively and efficiently.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving facts regarding the coal production in the country.
Body:
First, write in detail about the importance of coal to India’s energy security and economy. Cite statistics to substantiate.
Next, write about the measures that are needed for better planning, infrastructure development and increase of domestic supplies of coal
Next, write about the need to cut dependency of coal and move towards renewable source of energy.
Conclusion:
Conclude with way forward.
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable (revision).
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the role of Biosphere reserves in conservation and sustainable development.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by defining a biosphere reserve and its various aspects.
Body:
First, write about the role of biosphere reserve in conservation and sustainable development – They are sites for testing interdisciplinary approaches to understanding and managing changes and interactions between social and ecological systems, including conflict prevention and management of biodiversity. They are places that provide local solutions to global challenges. Use examples to substantiate.
Next, write about the various threats to biosphere reserves and ways to protect them.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable (revision).
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the threats posed by invasive alien species and ways to tackle their spread.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by explaining the term invasive alien species.
Body:
First, Explain the various threats posed by them. Provide examples and present the scenario of harm posed by invasive species in India – threaten cultivable land and wildlife habitats alike, may lead to the conversion of marshy wetlands into dry land. E.g.: water hyacinth, spread into the forests through the corridors created by landslides, affect the soil and destroy the microhabitat of that area
Next, Write about the various government policies and programmes in this direction and ways to prevent their spread.
Conclusion:
Conclude with solutions to address the issue.
Topic: Disaster and disaster management.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The deep depression over the Bay of Bengal on Sunday intensified into a cyclonic storm ‘Michaung’ and is likely to cross the South Andhra Pradesh coast between Nellore and Machilipatnam during the forenoon of December 4 with a maximum sustained wind speed of 80-90 kmph gusting to 100 kmph.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the disaster preparedness and management of cyclones in India.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start with brief introduction on cyclones that have affected India in recent times.
Body:
First, explain that Cyclone Disaster Management encompasses mitigation and preparedness measures for cyclones. The location of India in the north Indian Ocean makes it vulnerable to the tropical cyclone.
Next, write about the measures that are needed – Climate-proofing lives and dwellings is a high priority now, a task that warrants a multi-sectoral approach: to build sturdy homes of suitable design, create adequate storm shelters, provide accurate early warnings, and ensure financial protection against calamities through insurance for property and assets.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: determinants and consequences of Ethics in-human actions.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context growth of A.I as well growing ethical concerns regarding it.
Body:
First, write about the technological potential of A.I and by taking examples highlight the ethical concern associated with A.I.
Next, suggest ways to address the above concerns in an equitable and efficient manner without stifling the growth of technology.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising that technology has to grow within ethical boundaries of modern societies.
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