[MISSION 2024] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 29 November 2023

Ans: (b)

Explanation: What is Decarbonising Transport?

• Decarbonising Transport refers to the process of reducing or eliminating carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gas emissions from the transportation sector.
• Examples: Promoting electric vehicles, using alternative fuels, improving energy efficiency, and investing in public transport and active mobility.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/29/decarbonising-road-transport/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Improving public transportation reduces the number of individual vehicles on the road, decreasing traffic congestion and associated carbon emissions.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/29/decarbonising-road-transport/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Respiration is a natural process carried out by living organisms, including plants and animals. During respiration, carbon dioxide is released as a byproduct, contributing to the natural carbon cycle.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/29/decarbonising-road-transport/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Methane is a potent greenhouse gas that is released during the digestive processes of ruminant animals (such as cattle) and from the decay of organic waste in agricultural settings

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/29/decarbonising-road-transport/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• S1: This statement is incorrect. Carbon monoxide is not a greenhouse gas. Greenhouse gases trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere, contributing to global warming. Carbon monoxide is a toxic gas that can be harmful to humans and animals but does not significantly contribute to the greenhouse effect.
• S2: This statement is correct. Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless gas that is produced when carbon-containing fuels (such as wood, gasoline, and natural gas) are burned incompletely due to insufficient oxygen. It is a poisonous gas and can be harmful when inhaled in large amounts.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/29/decarbonising-road-transport/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Context: A diplomatic dispute between Greece and the UK has arisen over the Parthenon Sculptures housed at the British Museum.
• Greece has consistently sought the permanent return of the sculptures, also known as the Elgin Marbles, which are over 2,000 years old and originally adorned the Parthenon temple in Athens.
• The sculptures were removed by Thomas Bruce, the 7th Earl of Elgin, in the early 19th century and purchased by the British Museum in 1816.
• While Greece alleges theft, Lord Elgin claimed permission from the Ottoman Empire
• The Parthenon Sculptures are a collection of more than 30 ancient Greek stone sculptures. They are over 2,000 years old and were originally part of the Parthenon temple in Athens. The sculptures are currently housed in the British Museum

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/29/parthenon-sculptures/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Context: A recent study challenges the traditional notion of ‘Man, the Hunter,’ suggesting that women not only participated in hunting during the Palaeolithic era but also had certain biological advantages.
• Only statement 1 is correct.
• S1: This statement is correct. The ‘Man, the Hunter’ theory, proposed by scholars like Richard Lee and Irven DeVore, suggests that hunting played a crucial role in the subsistence and evolution of early human societies. It posits that the ability to hunt large game was a significant factor in the success of Homo sapiens.
• S2: This statement is incorrect. The ‘Man, the Hunter’ theory emphasizes hunting over gathering and scavenging as a primary means of obtaining food.
• S3: This statement is incorrect. The ‘Man, the Hunter’ theory does not focus on agriculture, as it pertains to a later stage in human development. This theory is more concerned with the hunting and foraging practices of early human groups.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/29/man-the-hunter-theory/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Context: The Union Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs has launched the Amplifi 2.0 portal to provide raw data from Indian cities on a single platform for academics, researchers, and stakeholders, aiming to support data-driven policymaking.
• The portal covers diverse information such as diesel consumption, water quality testing, healthcare expenditure, slum population, and road accident fatalities.
• The initiative, part of the Urban Outcomes Framework 2022, aims to streamline data across 14 sectors and shift the focus from indices to comprehensive indicators for effective analysis.
• The initiative aims to harness data for informed urban policy decisions and planning.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/29/amplifi-2-0-portal/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Only statement 1 is correct.
• Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) launched in September 2018 has taken the country closer to Sustainable Development Goal 3.8, which envisions universal health coverage.
• The scheme provides a health cover of Rs 5 lakh per family per year for secondary and tertiary care hospitalisation to more than 12 crore families (bottom 40 per cent of the population), making it the world’s largest health assurance scheme.
• Eleven states/UTs have pushed for 100 per cent coverage of their respective population.
• The scheme caters to the poor and underprivileged sections of society. Its design ensures that the difficulties of people from this section in accessing healthcare services should be mitigated. Every hospital is mandated to have dedicated Pradhan Mantri Arogya Mitras (PMAMs) who guide the beneficiaries.
• An important feature of AB-PMJAY is interstate portability. This means a patient registered in one state is entitled to receive care in any other state that has an AB-PMJAY programme. This has proved helpful to migrants, especially in emergencies.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/29/ayushman-arogya-mandir/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Context: The importance of fibre optics has been increasing in recent times, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic when internet connections facilitated virtual communication.
  • Optical fibres, made of thin glass strands, can transmit various forms of digital information, such as text, images, voices, and videos, across long distances at nearly the speed of light.
  • The development of fibre optic communication can be traced back to physicist Charles Kao, who proposed glass fibres as a superior medium for telecommunication over 60 years ago.
• The cladding of an optical fiber is designed to confine the light within the core by using total internal reflection. Additionally, it serves to protect the core from physical damage and environmental factors.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/29/fibre-optic-cables/