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General Studies – 1
Topic: Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
Caste and gender are the deepest social cleavages in our society. The intersection of these two social identities plays havoc with the lives of adolescents/young adults in Indian schools and colleges.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about how differences and diversity and inclusivity coexist in and how tradition is imposed.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context regarding various attributes of diversity.
Body:
First, mention the various cultural narratives which bring out sharp distinctions in prejudices. Throw light on homogenous tendencies which ignore diversity. Substantiate with examples.
Next, write about how despite the above shortcomings how inclusion and diversity exist as cornerstones of Indian society. Substantiate with examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to achieve inclusivity by overcoming political differences.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Salient features of the Representation of People’s Act.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
The Model Code of Conduct (MCC) that parties and governments are expected to follow during election campaigning is well-meaning, but not easy to enforce.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the need to frame a law of model code of conduct to make it more effective.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining model code of conduct.
Body:
First, mention the various features of MCC and its evolution since 1960 – enumerate the 7 Parts of the Code, Public meetings by political parties, Processions by political parties, Poll day conduct etc.
Next, write about the need to bring the MCC under the statute by enacting a law – does not specify the type of punishment, EC’s arbitrariness and individual bias, failure to provide for decisions to be made within a certain time frame etc.
Next, write the reasons for not including MCC in the statute – Election Commission has opposed this, interpretation of laws by the courts will take a lot of time, keeping MCC open ended and organic etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to make MCC more robust and effective.
Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
Today marks 365 days since India assumed the G20 Presidency.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the achievements during the G20 presidency of India.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, in detail, write about the achievements during the G20 presidency of India – Delhi Declaration, Economic growth, tackling climate change, Digital economy, International trade, Global health and demonstrate its leadership on the global stage etc. Cite examples and facts to substantiate.
Next, write about the steps that India must take to continue to build upon the above.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable (revision).
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the role of RBI especially as part of monetary policy and impediments it faces in achieving it.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining the monetary policy.
Body:
First, in brief, write in brief about the various objectives of monetary policy.
Next, write about the impediments it faces by RBI in achieving monetary policy objectives – Price Stability, high inflation, particularly in food and fuel prices, delicate balance between stimulating growth and controlling inflation etc. Substantiate by citing statistics.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to overcome the above-mentioned limitations.
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable (revision).
Key Demand of the question:
To write about national income, its importance and methods to compute it.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining national income.
Body:
First, write about the importance of national income as a macroeconomic parameter and it indicates.
Next, write about the various methods of computation of national income – Product Method, Income Method and Expenditure Method.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
Topic: basics of cyber security;
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
A terror attack like 26/11 is unlikely to be repeated. Instead, cyber warfare is the reality which governments and police must accept and take measures against
Key Demand of the question:
To write about cyber warfare and India’s preparedness in tackling cyber warfare challenges.
Directive word:
Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence. You must appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming an opinion here.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining cyber-warfare.
Body:
In the first part, mention the various kinds of cyber weapons – Viruses, phishing, computer worms and malware, distributed denial-of-service (DDoS) attacks, hacking, spyware or cyber espionage, ransomware and propaganda or disinformation campaigns etc.
Next, write about the various mechanisms and organisation to deal with cyber-warfare. Write about their strengths and limitations.
Next, write about vulnerabilities of India to cyber warfare.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to overcome the above-mentioned vulnerabilities.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Probity in Governance: Concept of public service; Philosophical basis of governance and probity; Information sharing and transparency in government, Right to Information, Codes of Ethics, Codes of Conduct, Citizen’s Charters, Work culture, Quality of service delivery, Utilization of public funds, challenges of corruption.
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4.
Key Demand of the question:
To write how private sector meritocracy can be used as a yardstick for civil service reforms and its limitations.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context regarding private sector’s achievements in meritocracy with examples.
Body:
Next, mention the valuable lessons that can be emulated in civil services from private sector’s achievements in meritocracy. Argue as to how these will help improve the performance and effectiveness of civil services.
Next, mention the limitations and hindrances of such emulations.
Conclusion:
Conclude by giving a balanced opinion on civil service reforms.
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