[MISSION 2024] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 27 November 2023

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/27/paul-lynch-2023-booker-prize-for-his-novel-prophet-song/

Ans: (a)

Explanation

• Only statement 1 is correct.
• Statement 1 is true. The Booker Prize is indeed awarded annually to the best novel written in the English language.
• Statement 2 is false. The Booker Prize is awarded by the Booker Prize Foundation, not BAFTA.
• Statement 3 is false. The Booker Prize is named after Booker McConnell, a British company that sponsored the prize from 1969 to 2001.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/27/paul-lynch-2023-booker-prize-for-his-novel-prophet-song/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Context: The government has excluded the Indian Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT-In), the national agency responsible for addressing cybersecurity threats, from the Right to Information Act, 2005.
• What is CERT-In (founded 2004; HQ: New Delhi)?
  • It is an office within the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology. It is the nodal agency to deal with cyber security. It strengthens the security-related defence of the Indian Internet domain.
  • The Information Technology Act of 2000 designates CERT-In to perform functions in the realm of cybersecurity, including the collection, analysis, and dissemination of information on cyber incidents and implementing emergency measures for handling cybersecurity incidents.
  • CERT-In now joins 26 other intelligence and security organizations already exempted from the Act such as RAW, CBI, and IB.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/27/cert-in-not-under-rti/

Ans: (b )

Explanation:

• A citizen can seek information under the Act by filing a simple application with the PIO of the concerned public authority. The application should clearly specify the information being sought.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/27/cert-in-not-under-rti/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The Right to Information under the provisions of the RTI Act is available to the citizens of India only.
• Indian citizens resident in Democratic Republic of Congo, Central African Republic and Gabon may seek information in writing on payment of requisite fee during office hours on working days as per procedure laid down in the RTI Act, 2005.
• While the Act grants citizens the right to request information from public authorities, there is no mandatory obligation for public authorities to proactively disclose information. However, certain categories of information are required to be proactively disclosed by public authorities.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/27/cert-in-not-under-rti/

Ans: (b )

Explanation:

• Context: India has been designated as the Chair of the International Sugar Organisation (ISO) for 2024, following the announcement made during the 63rd council meeting held in London.
• What is ISO?
  • The International Sugar Organization (founded 1968; HQ: London) is an intergovernmental organization, which was established by the International Sugar Agreement of 1968, as the body responsible for administering the Agreement (aimed at establishing an “orderly relationship between the supply and demand for sugar in the world market.). It has 88 countries as its member (Saudi Arabia joined in 2022)

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/27/277895/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Conventional method of sugarcane planting requires 7 to 8 tonnes of seed cane per hectare and this is the main reason for slow rate of seed and varietal replacement. Sugarcane being a long duration crop and heavy biomass producer requires about 1500 to 2500 mm water.
• Keeping in mind the likely to be faced situations in future, the ICAR-Sugarcane Breeding Institute (ICAR-SBI) has developed an integrated sugarcane cultivation model called Settling Transplanting Technology (STT). Components of the model are listed below:
  • High yielding and better quality varieties
  • Raising and transplanting of settlings derived from single bud setts/ bud chips
  • Sub-surface drip irrigation and fertigation
  • Wider row planting
  • Intercropping
  • Trash mulching
  • Multiple ratooning
  • Mechanization
• S1: Transplanting sugarcane single-bud/ bud-chip settlings can save seed cane requirement up to 80 per cent besides providing healthy plants and good field establishment. It is less expensive and labour saving in comparison with conventional sett planting.
• Other options are spaced transplanting (STP) and polybag / pro-tray nursery.
• S2 and S3: Reverse is true. See here http://www.iisr.nic.in/download/publications/ijst-December-2011.pdf
• S4: Yes, tissue culture or vegetative propagation (a subset of TC), can be used to germinate and grow these settlings which can be transplanted in the field later.

Refer; https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/27/277895/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Context: The UK drug regulator recently approved Casgevy, a gene therapy for sickle cell disease and thalassaemia, marking a breakthrough as the world’s first licensed therapy using Crispr-Cas9 gene editing technology.
• Sickle cell disease is a genetic disorder that affects the structure of hemoglobin, the molecule in red blood cells responsible for carrying oxygen. In individuals with sickle cell disease, the hemoglobin forms abnormal, rigid, and sickle-shaped cells, leading to various health complications.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/27/casgevy/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/27/casgevy/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Context: The Union Health Ministry in India has introduced generic drugs to treat four rare diseases, namely Tyrosinemia-Type 1, Gaucher’s Disease, Wilson’s Disease, and Dravet-Lennox Gastaut Syndrome.
• What are Generic drugs?
  • Generic drugs are medications that are equivalent to brand-name drugs in terms of active ingredients, dosage, safety, strength, quality, and intended use but are typically sold at a lower cost. Once the patent protection for a brand-name drug expires, other pharmaceutical companies can produce and sell generic versions.
  • The price of these unbranded generic versions of medicine for the four rare diseases will be 100 times lower than the current market value of the branded drugs.
• Generic drugs are usually less expensive than brand-name drugs. This is because the manufacturers of generic drugs do not have the same research and development costs as the companies that developed the original brand-name drugs.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/27/generic-drugs-for-rare-disease-cure/