[MISSION 2024] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 17 November 2023

Ans: (c)

Explanation

• Key provisions of Forest (Conservation) Amendment Act, 2023:

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/17/forest-conservation-amendment-act-2023-impact-on-indigenous-communities/

Ans: (c)

Explanation

• The Community Forest Resource rights under Section 3(1)(i) of the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act (commonly referred to as the Forest Rights Act or the FRA) provide for recognition of the right to “protect, regenerate or conserve or manage” the community forest resource.
• These rights allow the community to formulate rules for forest use by itself and others and thereby discharge its responsibilities under Section 5 of the FRA.
• Why is the recognition of CFR rights important?
  • It is important as it recognises the community’s right to use, manage and conserve forest resources, and to legally hold forest land that these communities have used for cultivation and residence.
  • It also underlines the integral role that forest dwellers play in sustainability of forests and in conservation of biodiversity.
  • Simlipal National Park in Odisha is the first national park to recognise Community Forest Resource rights.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/17/forest-conservation-amendment-act-2023-impact-on-indigenous-communities/

Ans: (b)

Explanation Community Reserves:

• Conservation reserves and community reserves in India are terms denoting protected areas of India which typically act as buffer zones to or connectors and migration corridors between established national parks, wildlife sanctuaries and reserved and protected forests of India.
• Such areas are designated as conservation areas if they are uninhabited and completely owned by the Government of India but used for subsistence by communities and community areas if part of the lands are privately owned.
• These protected area categories were first introduced in the Wildlife (Protection) Amendment Act of 2002 − the amendment to the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972.
• It enables any state government to declare a community-owned forest area as “community reserve” if locals are willing to participate in conservation efforts for the same.
• Under it, community reserves receives same legal protection as National Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/17/forest-conservation-amendment-act-2023-impact-on-indigenous-communities/

Ans: (c)

Explanation

• The third Indo-Pacific Economic Framework for Prosperity (IPEF) Ministerial Meeting was held in San Francisco, California on 14 November 2023 hosted by the US. Union Minister for Commerce and Industry, Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution, and Textiles, Shri Piyush Goyal participated in the Ministerial meeting.
• IPEF was launched jointly by the USA and other partner countries of the Indo-Pacific region on May 23, 2022 at Tokyo. IPEF has 14 partner countries including Australia, Brunei, Fiji, India, Indonesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Malaysia, New Zealand, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam & USA. It seeks to strengthen economic engagement among partner countries with the goal of advancing growth, peace and prosperity in the region.
• The framework is structured around four pillars relating to Trade (Pillar I); Supply Chains (Pillar II); Clean Economy (Pillar III); and Fair Economy (Pillar IV). India had joined Pillars II to IV of IPEF while it has an observer status in Pillar-I.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/17/ipef-supply-chain-resilience-agreement/

Ans: (c)

Explanation  APEC:

• It is a regional economic forum established in 1989 to leverage the growing interdependence of the Asia-Pacific.
• Aim: to create greater prosperity for the people of the region by promoting balanced, inclusive, sustainable, innovative and secure growth and by accelerating regional economic integration.
• Functions:
  • APEC works to help all residents of the Asia-Pacific participate in the growing economy. APEC projects provide digital skills training for rural communities and help indigenous women export their products abroad.
  • Recognizing the impacts of climate change, APEC members also implement initiatives to increase energy efficiency and promote sustainable management of forest and marine resources.
  • The forum adapts to allow members to deal with important new challenges to the region’s economic well-being. This includes ensuring disaster resilience, planning for pandemics, and addressing terrorism.
• Members:
  • APEC’s 21 member economies are Australia; Brunei Darussalam; Canada; Chile; People’s Republic of China; Hong Kong, China; Indonesia; Japan; Republic of Korea; Malaysia; Mexico; New Zealand; Papua New Guinea; Peru; The Philippines; The Russian Federation; Singapore; Chinese Taipei; Thailand; United States of America; Viet Nam.
• Significance:
  • In all, APEC members account for nearly 3 billion people and about 60% of the world’s GDP. They span the Pacific rim, from Chile to Russia to Thailand to Australia.
• Headquartered in Singapore

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/17/2023-apec-summit/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Stem cells have the unique ability to differentiate into a variety of cell types, including specialized cells like muscle cells, nerve cells, and blood cells. This characteristic is known as pluripotency.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/17/kill-switch/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Embryonic stem cells are pluripotent cells derived from the inner cell mass of embryos. In contrast, induced pluripotent stem cells are created by reprogramming adult cells, often skin cells, to express genes that are typically active in embryonic stem cells. The source of the cells is different in these two cases.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/17/kill-switch/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Context: The World Meteorological Organisation (WMO) reported that greenhouse gas (GHG) concentrations in the Earth’s atmosphere reached record levels in 2022, primarily driven by the use of fossil fuels.
• Greenhouse gases are a group of gases that trap heat in the Earth’s atmosphere, contributing to the greenhouse effect. Water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, and ozone are among the key greenhouse gases.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/17/ghg-bulletin/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Context: Russia has announced its plan to supply the Igla-S man-portable air defence missile system to the Indian armed forces.
• About Igla-S:
  • The Igla-S is a man-portable air defence missile system (MANPADS) developed by Russia. MANPADS are shoulder-launched surface-to-air missiles designed to be operated by an individual soldier. The Igla-S is an upgraded variant of the earlier Igla system

Refer:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/17/igla-s/

Ans: (c )

Explanation: About Somalia

• It is a country in the Horn of Africa. The country is bordered by Ethiopia to the west, Djibouti to the northwest, the Gulf of Aden to the north, the Indian Ocean to the east, and Kenya to the southwest. Somalia has the longest coastline on Africa’s mainland.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/11/17/somalia/