[Mission 2024] QUED ( Questions from Editorials ) 16 November 2023

Solution: c)

A V-shaped recovery is characterised by quick and effective recovery in measures of economic performance after an acute decline in the economy.

A K-shaped recovery occurs when, following a recession, different parts of the economy recover at different rates, times or magnitudes.

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

Exposure to POPs can lead to cancer, damage to central & peripheral nervous systems, diseases of immune system, reproductive disorders and interference with normal infant and child development.

Uniqueness of POPs:

• POPs are lipophilic, which means that they accumulate in the fatty tissue of living animals and human beings.
• In fatty tissue, the concentrations can become magnified by up to 70 000 times higher than the background levels.
• As you move up the food chain, concentrations of POPs tend to increase so that animals at the top of the food chain such as fish, predatory birds, mammals, and humans tend to have the greatest concentrations of these chemicals.

Solution: b)

Tornadoes are whirling, vertical air columns that form from thunderstorms and stretch to the ground. They travel with ferocious speed and lay waste to everything in their path.

When winds vary in speed or direction at different altitudes–a condition known as wind shear–the updraft will start to spin.

These changes in winds produce the spin necessary for a tornado. For especially strong tornadoes, changes are needed in both the wind’s speed and direction.

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is incorrect.

Although India continues to be the largest contributor to global TB cases, there has been a decline in the number of cases in 2021. India accounts for 28% of all TB cases in the world, according to the Global TB Report 2022.

Although elimination of Tuberculosis is one of the sustainable development targets to be achieved by 2030 by the world, India has set the target of 2025.

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

A controlled re-entry like the one attempted by Isro is possible only for satellites in the low-earth orbit – at about 1,000 kms over the surface of the earth. These manoeuvres, however, are not usually attempted because fuel reserves have to be maintained in the satellite after mission life is over.

And, this is impossible for satellites placed in geo-stationary or geosynchronous orbit – where time taken by the satellite to orbit the earth matches Earth’s rotation – because they are at altitudes of nearly 36,000 kms. For attempting to bring down a satellite from such as orbit, a huge fuel reserve would be needed. This will only make the satellite heavier and costlier at launch.