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General Studies – 1
Topic: Salient features of the world’s physical geography.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Down to Earth
Why the question:
Several people in the Greater Horn of Africa are feared dead, property worth millions destroyed and populations displaced due to heavy rainfall in the region.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the El-Nino phenomenon and its impact on the world climate, including the Indian monsoon.
Directive word:
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate them with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by providing a brief overview of El Nino and its occurrence.
Body:
In the first part, Explain the El Nino phenomenon – its definition, causes, and the science behind it.
Next, discuss the impact of El-Nino on global climate – changes in temperature, weather patterns, and the occurrence of natural disasters, such as floods and droughts. Cite examples to substantiate.
Next, elaborate on the impact of El Nino on the Indian monsoon season – changes in rainfall patterns, temperatures, and the overall effect on the agricultural sector. Cite examples to substantiate.
Conclusion:
Conclude by Summarising.
Topic: Social empowerment.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
The article highlights the link between rural distress and the prevalence of child marriages in India.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the causes of child marriage and measures needed to end it.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving a statistic related to incidence of child marriages in India.
Body:
First, write about the various causes leading to Child marriages in India – Poverty, trafficking, lack of education and awareness etc.
Next, mention how tackling rural distress by a combination of Legislation, education and government action can help curb this menace.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Appointment to various Constitutional posts, powers, functions and responsibilities of various Constitutional Bodies.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
The article discusses the evolving role of the Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) of India in the context of the country’s maturing democracy.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the powers, functions and responsibilities of Comptroller and Auditor General (CAG) in India.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by stating that the Constitution of India provides for an independent office of the Comptroller and Auditor General of India (CAG) and relevant articles mentioned in the constitution.
Body:
In the first part, write about the major functions of CAG – responsible for auditing and accounting of all receipts and expenditures of the Government of India and the state governments.
Next, write about its audit functions – performance audits, compliance audits, and financial reviews of various government programs and initiatives. Write about its reports to uphold transparency and accountability – reports prepared by the CAG are presented in the Parliament, and the findings are discussed and debated by the Members of Parliament.
Next, write about the challenges faced by CAG and ways to overcome them.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the successes and limitations of NGT in upholding its mandate.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving a brief introduction on context for introduction of NGT and its mandate
Body:
First, mention some of the landmark environmental reforms brought in through NGT.
Next, list out its shortcomings such as appeals against NGT rulings in High Court and Supreme Court leading to long delays through litigation, lack of overall environmental expertise of the members of tribunal.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward to leverage functional capacity of the NGT and do full justice in its environmental mandate.
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment
5. What is acid rain? Explain the various adverse impacts from acid rain. (250 words)
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Environment by Shankar
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To explain the adverse impacts of acid rain.
Directive:
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin the defining acid rain.
Body:
Frist, in brief explain first the major reasons behind the occurrence of acid rains.
Next, discuss that acid rains are harmful for both biotic and abiotic elements. it corrode the surface and rendered it riddled with hole. Yellowing of marble and lime stone and other such delicate surface gets destroyed. It is also harmful for textile and metals as it reduce their quality and make them weak. Moreover it makes the soil acidic and reduces the fertility.
Next, discuss what needs to be done. Highlight the efforts of the government in this direction
Conclusion:
Write a way forward to mitigate the impact of acid rain.
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The article discusses the challenges and failures faced by the transitional committee responsible for addressing the Loss and Damage (L&D) fund during COP-28 (Conference of Parties – 28)
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the concept of loss and damage and its effectiveness,
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by defining the concept of Loss and Damage (L&D) fund
Body:
First, explain in detail the concept of Loss and Damage (L&D) fund and how it works in order to ensure that vulnerable countries are compensated by rich countries.
Next, write about whether or not, rich countries have an obligation of compensate the poor countries by taking in to account their historic emissions that have resulted in climate change. Write about the effectiveness of the fund and limitations it faces
Conclusion:
Conclude by stating a balanced opinion.
Topic: social influence and persuasion.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the various types of social influence.
Directive word:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining social influence.
Body:
First, write about conformity – instances where a person may agree in public with a group of people, but the person privately disagrees with the group’s viewpoint or behaviour.
Next, write about compliance – involves a request that an individual or group complies with the instructions of another.
Next, write about obedience – Obedience is a form of public conformity which occurs when a person modifies their behaviour to obey the directions of another, often in a position of authority.
Cite examples to substantiate.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
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