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General Studies – 1
Topic: urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
The article emphasizes the need for improving the quality of life in urban India. It highlights the challenges of rapid urbanization, such as inadequate infrastructure, housing shortages, and environmental degradation.
Key Demand of the question:
To understand the main issues in the urban areas as well as mention the necessary steps through planning and administration to boost the quality of life in urban areas.
Directive word:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Introduction:
Begin by giving an account on how rapidly Indian Urban spaces are growing both in terms of population density as well as growing urban spills.
Body:
First, mention the various issues plaguing urban areas such as a need for affordable housing, issues of urban slums, waste management, poor drainage etc.
Next, mention about the important factors on which policy deliberation needs to take place such as balance of urban population density with economies of scale and infrastructural facilities among others.
Next discuss the importance of mobilising funds other than public funds and also some of the essential components of urban planning to include sustainability, improved mobility etc for a well functioning urban space.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising the key components for a functional and effective urban city.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Salient features of the Representation of People’s Act.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
The article discusses New Zealand’s voting system and its potential applicability in the Indian context
Key Demand of the question:
To write about MMP system, it advantages over for FPTP, its limitations and applicability in India.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context of MMP system for elections.
Body:
In the first part, write about the features of MMP and countries using it.
Next, write about the advantages of MMP system – better representation, reduced regionalism, and better inclusivity etc.
Next, write about the limitations that hinder the applicability of MMP in India.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a balanced opinion on the above.
Topic: Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes;
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
The article discusses the Indian government’s decision to extend the distribution of free ration under the National Food Security Act (NFSA) for another five years
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the performance PMGKAY and the comment on the decision of its extension.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing about the aims and the objectives of PMGKAY.
Body:
First, in brief, write about the major features of PMGKAY.
Next, write about the achievements of PMGKAY since its inception. Cite statistics to substantiate. Highlight the role of PMGKAY in the pandemic times.
Next, write about the limitations of PMGKAY and suggest ways to improve it.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a balanced view on the extension of PMGKAY.
Topic: India and its neighborhood- relations.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Times of India , Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
The article highlights the conclusion of the Bhutanese King’s visit to Assam and his forthcoming meeting with the Indian Prime Minister in Delhi, focusing on strengthening diplomatic and bilateral ties between the two nations.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the various areas of cooperation between India and Bhutan and their relations in the context of an expansionist China.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving a brief history of India Bhutan relations.
Body:
In the first part, write about the various areas of cooperation between India and Bhutan – Treaties and Agreements, Economic Cooperation, Security Cooperation, Cultural Ties, People-to-People Contacts etc. Substantiate with facts and examples.
Next, write about the rise of an expansionist China and its impact of Indo-Bhutanese relations. Write about the ways to manage it.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising the importance of Indo-Bhutanese relations.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India , Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To explain the major causes for rising cases of man-animal conflict and steps that are needed control it.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
start with what you understand by Man-Animal conflicts.
Body:
First, write about the reasons for the increase in man-animal conflicts – habitat loss and fragmentation, climate change, human activities, and urbanization.
Write about the various government policies and programmes in this direction. Also, write about the steps that are needed to tackle it.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the threats posed by invasive alien species and ways to tackle their spread.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by explaining the term invasive alien species.
Body:
First, Explain the various threats posed by them. Provide examples and present the scenario of harm posed by invasive species in India – threaten cultivable land and wildlife habitats alike, may lead to the conversion of marshy wetlands into dry land. E.g.: water hyacinth, spread into the forests through the corridors created by landslides, affect the soil and destroy the microhabitat of that area
Next, Write about the various government policies and programmes in this direction and ways to prevent their spread.
Conclusion:
Conclude with solutions to address the issue.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and world.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: newworldencyclopedia.org
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4.
Key Demand of the question:
write about detailed description of the concept of Eudaimonism, its proponents, few examples and its applicability.
Directive word:
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by defining Eudaimonism
Body:
Detailed description of eudaimonia – a state of happiness and fulfilment. Socrates argued that this could only be achieved through living a virtuous life, which he defined as a life that is guided by reason and governed by ethical principles. Cite examples to substantiate.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
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