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General Studies – 1
Topic: geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
The article discusses the alarming ice sheet melt in West Antarctica, emphasizing its significance in contributing to rising sea levels and the impact on global climate change.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about impact of melting of ice sheets and ways to address it.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining an ice sheet.
Body:
First, write about the various causes of melting of ice sheets across the world.
Next, write about the impact of the above – Sea Level Rise, Ecosystem Disruption and Socioeconomic Consequences etc.
Next, write steps that are needed to overcome the above.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Salient features of the Representation of People’s Act.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
In response to a Supreme Court query about electoral bonds, India’s Attorney General argued that electoral bonds promote clean and transparent donations to political parties.
Key Demand of the question:
To critically analyse the performance of electoral bonds in improving transparency.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving aims and objectives of introduction of electoral bonds.
Body:
In the first part, mention the functioning and features of electoral bond scheme – can be bought by any Indian citizen or company incorporated in India. The scheme allows parties to receive these bonds.
Next, write about how this new instrument of political party funding is aimed to ensure greater transparency by addressing the issue of anonymous financing. It sought to eliminate black money from the system.
Next, write about how they have increased opacity instead of increasing transparency.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward to improve transparency with respect to electoral bonds.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
The article discusses the importance of Open Market Operations (OMO) in the context of the Indian monetary policy
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the impact of OMO on macroeconomic parameters.
Directive word:
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining OMO.
Body:
First, explain the process of OMO – sale and purchase of securities and the methods it is done.
Next, write about impact of OMO on various macroeconomic parameters such as – inflation, growth, credit supply interest rates and exchange supply etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
Topic: Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
A train accident in Andhra Pradesh has resulted in an increased death toll and a higher number of injured individuals.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the causes of railway accidents in India and ways to avoid them.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, write about the causes of Railway accidents in the country – track failures, human errors, equipment malfunctions, level crossings, overcrowding, sabotage, and natural disasters etc.
Next, write about the steps that are needed to mitigate the above risks.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing way forward.
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the importance of wetland ecosystem.
Elucidate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining a wetland and its types.
Body:
Write about the various functions performed by a wetland- water-related ecosystem services, productive areas for plant life and animals, major habitat for most of the world’s waterbirds and key habitat for migratory species, important source of food and high recreational, historical, scientific, and cultural values.
Next, write about Ramsar convention, its achievements in protecting wetlands and limitations.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the threats faced by the wildlife sanctuaries and national parks in India.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning that The Union Government has established a country-wide protected area network for protection of these species and their habitats of threatened flora and fauna under Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972.
Body:
First, write about the threats to wildlife sanctuaries and national parks from habitat loss. Substantiate with examples. For e.g: Clearance of partis of Valley of flowers for Chardham road project.
Next, write the reasons for decline in key species – due to over-collection to supply domestic and foreign medicinal markets, over exploitation, forest degradation etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: dimensions of ethics;
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: plato.stanford.edu
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4.
Key Demand of the question:
To explain the concept of Moral Relativism using examples.
Directive word:
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin the answer by defining moral relativism and its aspects
Body:
Write the core argument on which moral relativism is based on, the existing differences in the moralities that people accept and live by. Mention various factors that give rise to Moral relativism.
Give few illustrations in the context of capital punishment, euthanasia, eating meat etc. and the varied constraints and dimensions based on which the morality of a situation or action is judged.
Conclusion:
Conclude by saying often, morality is more relative than absolute.
Conclude by stressing on the way to manage cognitive dissonance.
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