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General Studies – 1
Topic: geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Down to Earth
Why the question:
The referenced article discusses the enduring impacts of global warming on oceans, highlighting the importance of understanding these consequences.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the potential long-term effects of temporary global warming surpassing 2°C on marine ecosystems and species
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, write about how elevated temperatures can disrupt ocean ecosystems by impacting coral reefs, marine biodiversity, and food chains. Describe the acidification of seawater and its effects on marine life, including shellfish and corals.
Next, write about even temporary warming can have long-lasting consequences, and these changes may persist for centuries. Highlight the importance of understanding the cumulative effects on future generations.
Next, measures that are needed to reverse the above.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Indian Constitution—historical underpinnings, evolution, features, amendments, significant provisions and basic structure.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The article discusses the issue of money bills in the Indian Parliament and the legal interpretation surrounding them.
Key Demand of the question:
To differentiate between a money bill and a financial Bill along with relevant constitutional provisions and contentious issue with money bill.
Directive word:
Compare and contrast – provide for a detailed comparison of the two types, their features that are similar as well as different. One must provide for detailed assessment of the two.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Given context of Articles 110 and 117 of the Indian Constitution.
Body:
Compare and contrast the money bills and financial bills on the following – while both money bills and financial bills deal with financial matters, lies in their origination, the requirement of the President’s recommendation, the process of passage, the role of the Rajya Sabha, and the Speaker’s certification etc. Give examples to substantiate.
Next, throw light on the present controversy related to money bill and how often used as a tool for bypassing the Rajya Sabha, which can only make recommendations on such bills.
Conclusion:
Conclude by giving your balanced opinion.
Topic: Important International institutions, agencies and fora- their structure, mandate.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The article discusses the long-standing issue of reforming the United Nations Security Council (UNSC) and presents it as a recurring theme in international diplomacy.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about key issues in UNSC, various reform proposals, and their potential implications.
Directive word:
Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by giving a brief context of UNSC.
Body:
First, write about the primary issues that prompt discussions about UNSC reform, including the Council’s composition and the veto power of its permanent members. Discuss the need for increased representation of African, Asian, and Latin American countries.
Next, write about the various limitations that hinder the above. Challenges and obstacles that have hindered UNSC reform efforts, including differing national interests and concerns about dilution of power.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to overcome the above limitations.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about inflation, its impact and measures needed to keep it under control.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining inflation.
Body:
First, write about the impact of inflation on various macroeconomic parameters – purchasing power, growth, cost of living, availability of credit and exchange rates etc.
Next, write about the measures that are taken to keep inflation under tolerable limits – the monetary policy measures, fiscal policy measures and price control measures.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about steps that are needed to overcome unemployment in the country.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving the context regarding the unemployment in India.
Body:
Firstly, write about the important causes that led to the increasing the levels of unemployment – economic slowdowns, education and skills gaps, dominance of the informal sector, disparities in labor force participation, urban-rural imbalances etc.
Next, write about the steps that must be taken to reduce the employment levels in the economy – Labour-intensive measures, Accelerating Investment, diversification of agriculture, decentralised development and upskilling etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
The editorial discusses the need for reforms in the Goods and Services Tax (GST) regime in India
Key Demand of the question:
To write about various successes and limitations of GST and reforms that are needed in it.
Directive word:
Critically examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by aims and objectives behind the launch of GST.
Body:
First, write about the achievements of GST – simplified tax structure, an increase in the tax base, and a reduction in tax evasion. Substantiate with examples, facts or statistics.
Next, write about the shortcomings of GST – high tax rates, compliance burden, and complexities in the filing process have been faced. Substantiate with examples, facts or statistics.
Next, suggest reforms in GST.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Citizen’s Charters
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining citizen charter.
Body:
First, mention the shortcoming of citizen charters – not formulated through a consultative process, lack of awareness, absence of grievance redressal etc.
Next, suggest steps to overcome the above shortcomings.
Conclusion:
Conclude by stressing on need to make the charters effective to provide high quality public service delivery.
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