[MISSION 2024] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 02 October 2023

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• The Sabarmati Ashram (also known as Harijan or Satyagraha Ashram) was home to Mahatma Gandhi from 1917 until 1930 and served as one of the main centres of the Indian freedom struggle.
• Sevagram cottage served as the last residence of Mahatma Gandhi. Gandhiji left to Delhi from Sevargam Cottage in 1946 and then went to Noakhali. From there he did not return to Sewagram while engaged in his task of communal unity and peace making. He was martyred in Delhi in 1948.
• It was from Sabarmati Ashram that Gandhi led the Dandi march also known as the Salt Satyagraha on 12 March 1930. In recognition of the significant influence that this march had on the Indian independence movement, the Indian government has established the ashram as a national monument.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/10/02/gandhis-south-african-experience/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Gandhi was so thoroughly persuaded by Rajkumar Shukla, an indigo cultivator from Champaran that he decided to investigate the matter.
• Gandhi’s method of inquiry at Champaran was based on surveys by the volunteers. The respondents who willingly gave statements should sign the papers or give thumb impressions.
• For those unwilling to participate, the reasons must be recorded by the volunteers. The principal volunteers in this survey were mostly lawyers like Babu Rajendra Prasad, Dharnidhar Prasad, Gorakh Prasad, Ramnawami Prasad, Sambhusaran and Anugraha Narain Sinha.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/10/02/gandhis-south-african-experience/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The First Round Table Conference (Nov. 12, 1930–Jan. 19, 1931) had representatives from all Indian states and all parties except the Indian National Congress, which was waging a civil disobedience campaign against the government.
• The Second Round Table Conference (September–December 1931) was attended by Mahatma Gandhi as the Congress representative.
• The Third Round Table Conference (Nov. 17–Dec. 24, 1932) was shorter and less important, with neither the Congress nor the British Labour Party attending.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/10/02/gandhis-south-african-experience/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Only statement 1 is correct.
• Aadhaar is a verifiable 12-digit identification number issued the Unique Identification Authority of India on behalf of the Government of India.
• The masked Aadhaar number facility — that can be downloaded from the UIDAI website — and which displays only the last four digits of the Aadhaar number. This was a sensible advisory. The masked Aadhaar facility has been in place since 2018 and this came about following a report by the Centre for Internet and Society.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/10/02/concerns-about-using-aadhaar-in-welfare-schemes/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Statement 1 is wrong because as per Calcutta HC decision Aadhar Card is not a proof of citizenship.
• Statement 2 is wrong because UIDAI’s update policy version 2.3 (available on the official website uidai.gov.in) has provisions for deactivation of Aadhaar, which are given below:
• If within 2 years of attaining age 5, the child’s biometrics are not updated in Aadhaar database, his/her Aadhaar number will be deactivated (no authentication permissible). It will be reactivated once biometrics are updated in database.
• If within 2 years of attaining age 15, the child’s biometrics are not updated in Aadhaar database, his/her Aadhaar number will be deactivated (no authentication permissible). It will be reactivated once biometrics are updated in database.
• If Resident has not biometrically authenticated in 5 years, his/her One Time Password (OTP) based authentication services will be deactivated. They will be re-activated once the resident biometrically authenticates.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/10/02/concerns-about-using-aadhaar-in-welfare-schemes/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• S1: Aadhaar authentication data can’t be retained beyond 6 months, said Supreme Court, see https://www.financialexpress.com/aadhaar-card/aadhaar-authentication-data-cant-be-retained-beyond-6-months-says-supreme-court/1328066/
• S2: This is correct, see the SC judgment here https://sflc.in/key-highlights-aadhaar-judgment This was done in order to protect a citizen’s right to privacy.
• S3: IRDAI (Insurance Regulatory and Development Authority of India) has clarified that Aadhaar is not required to buy an insurance policy.
• S4: Correct, see https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/aadhaar-for-welfare-schemes-a-legitimate-exercise-says-supreme-court/story-rhb0kccKthpJRNnSvukzmO.html

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/10/02/concerns-about-using-aadhaar-in-welfare-schemes/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Context: The article discusses Apple’s ‘Mother Nature’ campaign and its environmental efforts,
• What is Apple’s ‘Mother Nature’ campaign?
  • Apple’s ‘Mother Nature’ campaign is an environmental initiative launched by Apple, showcasing the company’s commitment to sustainability and environmental responsibility.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/10/02/apples-mother-nature-campaign/

Ans:(a)

Explanation:

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/10/02/pink-bollworm-pbw/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Context: NASA’s OSIRIS-REx mission successfully collected a sample from asteroid Bennu and is now on an extended mission to study Apophis. The mission was significant for understanding the early solar system, potential asteroid impacts, and the Yarkovsky effect on asteroids.
• The Yarkovsky Effect is a phenomenon in which the way an asteroid absorbs and re-emits solar radiation causes a tiny but continuous force on the asteroid. This force can influence the asteroid’s orbit and rotation. As an asteroid absorbs sunlight, it heats up, and as it radiates heat back into space, it generates thrust in the opposite direction. Over time, this effect can lead to significant changes in an asteroid’s trajectory and rotation.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/10/02/yarkovsky-effect/

Ans: (c )

Explanation”

• Context: The Chandrayaan-3 rover, Pragyan, which has the Indian national emblem and the ISRO logo on its rear wheels, has been unable to leave a clear imprint of these symbols on the lunar soil.
• This inability to imprint the symbols has provided new insights into the properties of lunar soil in the South Pole region.
• Features of Lunar Soil:
  • It is not dusty but rather lumpy, indicating that something is binding the soil together.
  • Lunar Soil is a thick layer of regolith, fragmental and unconsolidated rock material, that covers the entire lunar surface.
  • Lunar soil contains no organic matter.
  • This discovery could have significant implications for future missions targeting lunar habitation and sustained human presence, especially in the context of potential water discovery in the region.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/10/02/isro-logo-imprints-show-lunar-soil-lumpy/