[MISSION 2024] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 27 September 2023

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• For any financial year, the two main variables of national income are GDP and GVA (or Gross Value Added). The GDP calculates India’s national income by adding up all the expenditures in the economy while the GVA calculates the national income from the supply side by looking at the value-added in each sector of the economy.
• While both the variables measure national income, they are linked as follows:
• GDP = (GVA) + (Taxes earned by the government) — (Subsidies provided by the government).
• As such, if the government earned more from taxes than what it spent on subsidies, GDP will be higher than GVA. If, on the other hand, the government provided subsidies in excess of its tax revenues, the absolute level of GVA would be higher than the absolute level of GDP.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/27/indias-gdp-measurement-and-its-limitations/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Only statement 1 is correct.
• In economics, the GDP deflator is a measure of the level of prices of all new, domestically produced, final goods and services in an economy in a year.
• Like the consumer price index (CPI), the GDP deflator is a measure of price inflation/deflation with respect to a specific base year.
• The GDP deflator is a more comprehensive inflation measure than the CPI index because it isn’t based on a fixed basket of goods.
• When GDP deflator is negative, nominal GDP is less than real DP. It means that there is deflation in the economy.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/27/indias-gdp-measurement-and-its-limitations/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Nayanars and Alvars:
• There were 63 Nayanars, who belonged to different caste backgrounds such as potters, “untouchable” workers, peasants, hunters, soldiers, Brahmanas and chiefs. The best known among them were Appar, Sambandar, Sundarar and Manikkavasagar. There are two sets of compilations of their songs – Tevaram and Tiruvacakam.
• There were 12 Alvars, who came from equally divergent backgrounds, the best known being Periyalvar, his daughter Andal, Tondaradippodi Alvar and Nammalvar. Their songs were compiled in the Divya Prabandham.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/27/odhuvars/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Context: The 5th World Coffee Conference (WCC) was held in Bengaluru, and organized by the International Coffee Organization (ICO), a UN body focused on highlighting the economic importance of coffee.
• Regenerative agriculture is a sustainable farming approach that focuses on enhancing soil health and biodiversity while reducing environmental impacts.
• Regenerative agriculture is a set of holistic farming practices that aim to improve the resilience and productivity of agricultural ecosystems. It is based on the principles of soil health, biodiversity, and the water cycle. Regenerative agriculture practices can include:
  • Minimizing soil disturbance: This helps to preserve soil structure and prevent erosion.
  • Keeping the soil covered: This can be done by planting cover crops or using mulch. Cover crops help to protect the soil from erosion, improve soil health, and suppress weeds.
  • Crop rotation: This helps to break pest cycles, improve soil fertility, and reduce the need for chemical pesticides.
  • Composting: This helps to add organic matter to the soil, which improves soil health and fertility.
  • Integrated pest management: This involves using a variety of methods to control pests, including biological control, cultural practices, and selective use of pesticides.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/27/world-coffee-conference/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Context: The 5th World Coffee Conference (WCC) was held in Bengaluru, and organized by the International Coffee Organization (ICO), a UN body focused on highlighting the economic importance of coffee.
• It is being held for the first time in an Asian coffee-producing country.
• One of the key topics discussed at the conference was “regenerative agriculture,” a holistic farming approach that emphasizes soil health, food quality, biodiversity, water quality, and air quality.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/27/world-coffee-conference/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Context: The Supreme Court of India has informed petitioners involved in the Manipur ethnic violence case that it cannot oversee the administration of the state and encouraged petitioners to place their trust in the Justice Gita Mittal Committee to address the issues raised in the case.
• These issues include the distribution of Aadhaar cards and disability certificates to displaced individuals, compensation for families of the deceased, reconstruction of religious buildings and homes damaged during the violence, handling of bodies, and the functioning of courts in the state.
• Justice Gita Mittal committee was established by the Supreme Court to monitor relief and rehabilitation efforts in Manipur.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/27/gita-mittal-committee/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Context: The Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation (DDWS), Ministry of Jal Shakti, has introduced a Unified Registration Portal for GOBARdhan to simplify the registration of Compressed Bio-Gas (CBG) and biogas plants across India.
• So far, over 1,163 biogas plants and 426 CBG plants have been successfully registered on the portal.
• These registered plants are eligible for assistance under the Market Development Assistance (MDA) scheme of the Department of Fertilizers, Ministry of Chemicals & Fertilizers.
• The Market Development Assistance (MDA) scheme, launched by the Department of Fertilizers aims to promote the production and adoption of organic fertilizers generated from GOBARdhan plants. It seeks to encourage sustainable/organic agricultural practices, reduce reliance on chemical fertilizers, and boost the use of bio-slurry in agriculture.
• The GOBARdhan initiative, a multi-ministerial effort, aims to transform organic waste, including cattle dung, agricultural residues, and biomass, into valuable resources like biogas, CBG, and organic manure. This initiative supports high-value Biogas/CBG production and promotes the use of bio-slurry to improve soil health, carbon content, and water retention

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/27/unified-registration-portal-for-gobardhan/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Once granted, FCRA registration is valid for five years. NGOs are expected to apply for renewal within six months of the date of expiry of registration. In case of failure to apply for renewal, the registration is deemed to have expired, and the NGO is no longer entitled to receive foreign funds or utilise its existing funds without permission from the ministry.
• According to the MHA, NGOs failing to apply before the due date can petition the ministry with cogent reasons within four months of the expiry of registration, following which their applications can be reconsidered.

Refer:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/27/foreign-contribution-regulations-act/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Ethanol can be produced from a variety of plant-based sources.
• Biofuels are liquid fuels produced from biomass, which is organic matter that comes from plants, animals, or other organisms. Biofuels can be used in transportation, power generation, and other industrial applications.
• Biodiesel is primarily produced from vegetable oils and animal fats. Ethanol can be produced from a variety of plant-based sources, including corn, sugarcane, and sorghum. Biofuels are not exclusively derived from fossil fuels, and they can have a number of environmental benefits compared to conventional fossil fuels.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/27/indian-standards-on-biofuel-to-aid-gbas-clean-energy-goals/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Context: The Wildlife Institute of India (WII), Dehradun, is set to conduct a study on the biodiversity of the Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary in Delhi and formulate a management plan for the sanctuary.
• The study aims to assess the potential socio-economic impacts on nearby villages by preserving the ecological integrity of the ecosystem. It will also examine the mined-out pits and their attributes, including associated plant and animal components and habitats, with a focus on promoting sustainable eco-tourism.
• The Asola Bhatti Wildlife Sanctuary is part of the Sariska-Delhi wildlife corridor, supporting leopard movements from Rajasthan to Delhi.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/27/asola-bhatti-sanctuary/