[MISSION 2024] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 15 September 2023

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Context: On September 11th (2023), the OECD launched the revised G20/OECD Principles of Corporate Governance, a set of international standards aimed at promoting corporate sustainability, market confidence, and financial stability.
• Transparency and accountability are fundamental principles of Corporate Governance. Transparency involves providing clear and accurate information about a company’s financial performance, operations, and decision-making processes to stakeholders. Accountability ensures that those responsible for corporate decisions and actions are answerable for their actions.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/15/g20-oecd-principles-of-corporate-governance-2023/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Shrimp farming is an aquaculture-based activity in marine or freshwater environments to produce shrimp for human consumption.
• Why was shrimp farming introduced in Punjab?
  • South-west Punjab has saline underground water not fit for agriculture. Also, waterlogging is a perennial issue in this belt. Therefore, shrimp farming was proposed as a solution for farmers whose land was lying unutilised.
• What are the various schemes for shrimp farmers?
  • At present, various schemes are being run under the Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY), which started in 2021 and will run till 2025 to promote ‘blue revolution’.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/15/achievements-of-pradhan-mantri-matsya-sampada-yojana-pmmsy/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, founded in 1961 by the Government of India Ministry of Home Affairs, for arranging, conducting and analysing the results of the demographic surveys of India including the Census of India and Linguistic Survey of India.
• The Office of the RGI’s nod is mandatory for the inclusion of any community in ST lists, as per the procedure for scheduling tribes.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/15/all-reported-births-and-deaths-to-be-digitally-registered/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Context: The Union Minister for Education and Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, has launched Skill India Digital (SID), a comprehensive digital platform designed to transform the skills, education, employment, and entrepreneurship landscape in India.
• Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) is a concept that involves creating a framework for digital services and tools that are essential for the functioning of a modern society. It encompasses various aspects of digital governance, including providing digital services to citizens, businesses, and governments, ensuring digital inclusivity, and enabling secure and efficient digital transactions and interactions.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/15/skill-india-digital/

Ans: (c)

Explanation

• National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) is an apex regulatory body for overall regulation of regional rural banks and apex cooperative banks in India. It is under the jurisdiction of Ministry of Finance, Government of India. The bank has been entrusted with “matters concerning policy, planning, and operations in the field of credit for agriculture and other economic activities in rural areas in India”. NABARD is active in developing and implementing financial inclusion.
• NABARD was established on the recommendations of B. Sivaramman Committee (by Act 61, 1981 of Parliament) on 12 July 1982 to implement the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development Act 1981. It replaced the Agricultural Credit Department (ACD) and Rural Planning and Credit Cell (RPCC) of Reserve Bank of India, and Agricultural Refinance and Development Corporation (ARDC). It is one of the premier agencies providing Rs.14080 crore (100% share). The authorized share capital is Rs.30,000 crore.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/15/data-driven-innovations-in-agriculture/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Context: Scientists using the James Webb Space Telescope have discovered methane and carbon dioxide on the exoplanet K2-18 b.
• The Goldilocks zone, also known as the habitable zone, is the region around a star where the conditions are not too hot or too cold but just right for liquid water to exist on the surface of a planet. Liquid water is considered a crucial ingredient for the development of life as we know it, so the Goldilocks zone is often seen as the region where the conditions for life are optimal.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/15/new-discoveries-by-webb-telescope/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Context: Scientists using the James Webb Space Telescope have discovered methane and carbon dioxide on the exoplanet K2-18 b.
• JWST is indeed the successor to the Hubble Space Telescope, but it is designed to observe the universe in the infrared spectrum, which allows it to see through dust clouds and study objects that emit primarily in the infrared, such as early galaxies and protoplanetary disks.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/15/new-discoveries-by-webb-telescope/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• S1: This statement is incorrect. Mercury is not the largest planet in our solar system. It is actually the smallest of the eight planets.
• S2: This statement is also incorrect. Mercury has a very thin and almost negligible atmosphere, so it does not have a thick, breathable atmosphere like Earth.
• S3: This statement is correct. Mercury experiences some of the most extreme temperature variations in our solar system. During the day, its surface can get extremely hot, reaching temperatures of up to 800 degrees Fahrenheit (430 degrees Celsius) due to its proximity to the Sun. At night, it can become extremely cold, dropping to as low as -290 degrees Fahrenheit (-180 degrees Celsius) because it lacks a significant atmosphere to retain heat.
• S4: This statement is correct. Mercury is the only one of the eight major planets in our solar system that does not have any natural moons or satellites.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/15/planet-mercury/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• The One Health Approach is based on the understanding that human health is intimately linked to the health of animals and the health of the environment. It emphasizes the need for collaboration among multiple disciplines, including medicine, veterinary science, environmental science, and others, to address health challenges effectively.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/15/one-health-approach-for-pandemic-preparedness/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• S1 and S2: Visible light communication (VLC) is a data communications variant which uses visible light between 400 and 800 THz (780–375 nm). VLC is a subset of optical wireless communications technologies. But, it is short-range communication. So, S2 is wrong.
• S3: The technology uses fluorescent lamps to transmit signals at 10 kbit/s, or LEDs for up to 500 Mbit/s over short distances. But, types of VLC such as Li-Fi can transmit signals at several MBps, much faster than Bluetooth which can transfer only upto 25 Mbit/s, so 3 is correct.
• Also, aside from the size of the visible light spectrum, light travels 186,000 miles per second, which is way faster than the 344 meters per second traveled by radio waves in air (used by Bluetooth). See this piece as well which claims VLC is a fast way of transmitting the internet https://www.ee.ucl.ac.uk/pilab/research-1/visible-light-communications
• S4: Visible Light Communication (VLC) is a preferred communication technique because of its high bandwidth and immunity to interference from electromagnetic sources. So, 4 is correct. See https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352864816300335

Refer: UPSC CSE 2020