GS Paper 4
Syllabus: Applications of Ethics
This is in continuation of yesterday’s Examples of Ethics
Example 1: China Xi’s Purges
Context: Chinese Defence Minister Li Shangfu has reportedly been detained as part of ongoing corruption investigations. This follows the disappearance of Foreign Minister Qin Gang earlier, with no explanation provided for his removal from office.
- These developments raise questions about Xi’s control over the military and ongoing political purges in China.
Ethical Issues with the Purges:
| Ethical Issues | Description |
| Lack of Transparency | The sudden disappearance of officials without clear explanations raises concerns about transparency |
| Political Purges | Removal of high-ranking officials may indicate an attempt to consolidate power and eliminate rivals. |
| Rule of Law | Detaining officials in corruption investigations should adhere to the rule of law. |
| Lack of Due Process | Detentions without clear legal processes raise concerns about due process and human rights. |
| Secrecy | Providing vague explanations like “health reasons” contributes to a lack of trust. |
| “Chilling Effect” on Bureaucracy | This may create fear in the minds of government officials while making a decision and lead to policy paralysis |
Example 2: “Corporate Greed is the Problem”
Context: Over 13,000 workers from major US automakers (General Motors, Ford, and Stellantis) going on strike due to issues with contract negotiations. The United Auto Workers (UAW) union is seeking higher wages, better benefits, and the reversal of concessions made during the companies’ financial difficulties.
| Ethical Issue | Example |
| Income Inequality | CEOs earn millions while workers struggle for fair wages. |
| Worker Exploitation | For automakers, worker’s compensation makes up just 4 to 5% of their total cost. Despite this, companies underpay workers, provide poor working conditions, or foster job insecurity to cut labour costs. |
| Unfair Labor Practices | Despite the three companies making over USD 164 billion in profit last year, they are resisting fair wage increases and better benefits. |
| Environmental Impact | Companies prioritise profits over sustainability. |
| Social Responsibility | Companies neglect their role in society and their impact on workers. |
