[MISSION 2024] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 2 September 2023

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• A constitution amendment bill can be introduced in either House of Parliament (and not in state legislatures).
• Such a bill (to facilitate simultaneous elections) would have to be cleared by both Houses of Parliament by special majority followed by ratification of half of the state legislatures.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/02/simultaneous-elections/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Right to Information Act 2005 mandates timely response to citizen requests for government information. It is an initiative taken by Department of Personnel and Training, Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions to provide a– RTI Portal Gateway to the citizens for quick search of information on the details of first Appellate Authorities, PIOs etc. amongst others, besides access to RTI related information / disclosures published on the web by various Public Authorities under the government of India as well as the State Governments
• Under the RTI law, information commissions are the final appellate authority and are mandated to safeguard and facilitate people’s fundamental right to information.
• The report says two out of 29 information commissions across the country are completely defunct, four of them headless at the moment and only 5% of the positions being occupied by women.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/02/concerns-about-rti-act/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Under the provisions of RTI Act, any citizen of India may request information from a “public authority” (a body of Government or “instrumentality of State”) which is required to reply expeditiously or within thirty days. In case of matter involving a petitioner’s life and liberty, the information has to be provided within 48 hours. The Act also requires every public authority to computerize their records for wide dissemination and to proactively publish certain categories of information so that the citizens need minimum recourse to request for information formally
• What is Public Authority?
  • “Public authority” means any authority or body or institution of self government established or constituted—
  • by or under the Constitution;
  • by any other law made by Parliament/State Legislature.
  • by notification issued or order made by the appropriate Government, and includes any—
  • body owned, controlled or substantially financed;
  • non-Government organisation substantially financed, directly or indirectly by funds provided by the appropriate Government.
  • The Act extends to the whole of India.
  • The Right to information in India is governed by two major bodies:
  • Central Information Commission (CIC) – Chief Information commissioner who heads all the central departments and ministries- with their own public Information officers (PIO)s. CICs are directly under the President of India.
  • State Information Commissions – State Public Information Officers or SPOs head over all the state department and ministries. The SPIO office is directly under the corresponding State Governor.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/02/omission-of-disability-related-questions-from-nfhs-6/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• It was established in 1957 and is Asia’s prestigious honor named after Ramon Magsaysay, the Philippines’ third president.
• It celebrates individuals and organizations in Asia who excel in their fields and contribute generously to others without seeking public recognition.
• Initially, awards were given in five categories, but since 2009, the foundation has selected awardees for Emergent Leadership. Recipients receive a certificate, a medallion featuring Ramon Magsaysay, and a cash prize.
• This award is often referred to as Asia’s Nobel Prize counterpart, recognizing outstanding contributions across diverse domains.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/02/r-ravi-kannan-ramon-magsaysay-award-for-2023/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Kokborok is a Sino-Tibetan language spoken by about 1 million people in the state of Tripura in northeast India.
• Kokborok is one of the official languages of Tripura, along with Bengali.
• Kokborok is a relatively homogenous language with several dialects spoken in Tripura. It is the lingua franca of most of the 19 tribal communities of Tripura.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/02/kokborok-language/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• S1 and S2: Article 85(1) of the Constitution empowers the President to summon each House of Parliament to meet at such time and place as he thinks fit, but six months shall not intervene between its last sitting in one Session and the date appointed for its first sitting in the next Session.
• S3: This is correct, refer to the explanation above.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/02/special-session-of-parliament/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The answer is S1: PHWRs use ordinary water as a coolant and moderator.
• PHWRs use heavy water (deuterium oxide, D2O) as a moderator, but ordinary water (H2O) as a coolant. They primarily use natural uranium as fuel, and they operate at high pressure. PHWRs do produce radioactive waste, but it is less than the amount produced by other types of nuclear reactors.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/02/largest-indigenously-developed-n-plant-unit-begins-operations/

Ans: (b)

Explanation: Bharat Stage Emission Standards (BSES

• Introduced in the year 2000.
• They are set by the Central Pollution Control Board under the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change.
• Objective: To keep air pollutants emitted by the internal combustion engine of vehicles under control.
• They are based on European (EURO) emission standards.
• Bharat Stage (BS) emission norms were first brought into effect in 2000 under the head “India 2000”. This was followed by BS2 in 2001 and BS3 in 2005.
• However, the emission norms were made more stringent only with the enforcement of Bharat Stage IV (BS4). Thereafter, the Government of India skipped the implementation of BS5 in 2016 and decided to introduce Bharat Stage VI (BS6) in 2020 instead.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/02/bs-6-stage-ii-electrified-flex-fuel-vehicle/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Rwanda is a landlocked country in the Great Rift Valley of Central Africa, where the African Great Lakes region and Southeast Africa converge. Located a few degrees south of the Equator, Rwanda is bordered by Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
• 

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/02/kigali-rwanda/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Pallikaranai Marsh Reserve Forest(TN): It is a freshwater marsh in Chennai. It is the only surviving wetland ecosystem in Chennai and the last remaining natural wetlands of South India.
• Karikili Bird Sanctuary (TN): Located in the Kancheepuram District of Tamil Nadu
• Pichavaram Mangrove (TN): It is located near Chidambaram in the Cuddalore District of Tamil Nadu. It could be counted among the largest mangrove forests in the country (more than 1100 hectares).
• Pala wetland(Mizoram): It is the largest natural wetland in Mizoram. The wetland is surrounded by green woodlands.
• Sakhya Sagar (MP): This lake is an integral part of Madhav National Park in Shivpuri, Madhya Pradesh.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/09/02/kigali-rwanda/