GS Paper 2
Syllabus: Social Justice
Source: IE
Context: The author Ashok Gulati discusses that the key to addressing India’s hunger challenge lies in focusing on gender-sensitive growth.
Status of India on Hunger:
- The Global Hunger Index 2022 ranks India 107 (out of 121 countries), and the level of hunger and undernutrition in the country is now at “serious”
- India’s rank on this index has been worsening since 2020 – 94 in 2020 and 101 in 2021.
- With over 19%, India has the highest rate of child wasting (among under 5 children) in the world.
- Over 16% of Indians are undernourished, and about one in every three children is stunted.
- According to the NFHS-5, 18% of mothers reported that their child (between ages 6-23 months) did not eat any food/“zero-food” in the 24 hours preceding the survey.
- Close to 40% did not eat any grains (roti, rice, etc) for an entire day, and six out of 10 children do not consume milk (“zero-milk”).
What is gender-sensitive growth?
Gender-sensitive growth refers to economic development and policies that take into account the specific needs, roles, and contributions of both men and women. This approach acknowledges and addresses gender-based discrimination and seeks to empower women while promoting overall economic progress and social well-being.
How gender-sensitive growth is key to India’s hunger challenges?
| Aspects | Role in India’s Hunger Challenges |
| Inclusive Economic Growth | Gender-sensitive growth promotes inclusive economic development, ensuring that both men and women have access to income-generating opportunities. This can reduce poverty and increase household resources for better nutrition. |
| Women’s Participation in Labor Force | By improving women’s participation in the labour force, gender-sensitive growth can enhance household income, leading to better affordability of food and improved nutrition. |
| Education and Skill Development | Investing in women’s education and skill development increases their ability to earn and contribute to family income, reducing vulnerability to hunger and malnutrition. |
| Women’s Empowerment | Empowered women have more decision-making power within households, including control over food choices and resources. This can lead to improved nutritional outcomes for children and families. |
| Agriculture and Food Systems | Gender-sensitive growth recognizes the significant role of women in agriculture and food production. Providing women with access to resources, technology, and training can enhance agricultural productivity and food security. |
| Nutritional Awareness and Healthcare | Gender-sensitive approaches can ensure that women and children receive adequate care and nutrition. |
| Climate Resilience | Empowering women in climate-resilient practices and sustainable agriculture can help mitigate the impact of climate change on food production and availability. |
For the way forward: Click on the FAO report: Hunger Hotspots – FAO-WFP Early Warnings on acute food insecurity
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