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General Studies – 1
Topic: Salient features of world’s physical geography.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
mention the major relief feature of ocean floor and explain them and their significance.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Explain what is meant by ocean bottom relief and how our understanding of ocean bottom has evolved with time.
Body:
First, List the major ocean relief features – the continental shelf, the continental slope, the continental rise, the Deep Sea Plain or the abyssal plain, Oceanic Deeps or Trenches, mid oceanic ridges. Explain these features.
Next, write about the significance of study of ocean relief.
Conclusion:
Conclude by stressing on the overall importance of study of ocean relief.
Topic: Salient features of world’s physical geography.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the resource richness of the Continental shelf of the Indian ocean and its economic implications.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start the answer by stating various resources available in the continental shelf such as natural gas, minerals such as manganese and oil etc.
Body:
First, draw a neat diagram showing major resources. Write in detail the economic implications of the resources mentioned in the introduction.
Then mention the nutrient richness of the continental shelf, promoting diverse marine animals and their economic significance. Further, mention the corals and mangrove vegetation that not only promotes the biodiversity but also protects the economic activities of the coastal region by protecting it against vagaries of climate change events.
Conclusion:
Conclude by stating that the continental shelf of the Indian ocean is hugely resource rich and we need to have a sustainable approach to harness them.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Structure, organization and functioning of the Executive and the Judiciary—Ministries and Departments of the Government
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
The article emphasizes the need for a more careful and nuanced approach when dealing with cases involving freedom of speech.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the need for Court’s power of contempt to punish people who scandalise it and need to balance it with freedom of speech.
Directive word:
Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining the Court’s power of contempt and types of contempt.
Body:
First, Discuss the origin of the concept, its constitutionality/ statutory basis, its different kinds.
Next, Explain the concept- Contempt of court, is the offence of being disobedient to or disrespectful towards a court of law and its officers in the form of behaviour that opposes or defies the authority, justice and dignity of the court. Contempt of court, as a concept, seeks to protect judicial institutions from motivated attacks and unwarranted criticism, and as a legal mechanism to punish those who lower its authority. Cite recent famous examples.
Next, write about its impact on freedom of speech and fair criticism of the court.
Conclusion:
Conclude by giving a balanced opinion on the issue.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: The Hindu, Insights on India
Why the question:
last week of July, researchers in South Korea said they had discovered that a material called LK-99 is a room-temperature superconductor. Scientists have been looking for such materials for several decades now for their ability to transport heavy currents without any loss – a property that could revolutionise a variety of industrial and medical applications.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about superconductivity and its various applications.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining superconductivity.
Body:
In the first part, in brief explain the concept of superconductivity and how it works.
Next, write about the applications of superconductivity – from healthcare and energy to transportation and communications, MRI machines, power transmission, particle accelerators, transportation, and energy storage etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
Topic: Linkages between development and spread of extremism.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
One infiltrator was killed close to the Line of Control (LoC) in the Pir Panjal Valley’s Poonch district, officials said on August 7.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the interlinkages between cross border terror groups, its impact and need for collaboration to eliminate it.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin the answer by citing the complexity of terror networks.
Body:
First, mention the various inter-links between cross border terror groups and various organised crimes which has made a terrorism a global problem.
Next, write about the various government measures in this direction and the needs for greater global and national cooperation and collaboration in order to tackle this issue,
Conclusion:
Conclude with solutions to address the issue.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and the world to the concepts of morality;
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Reference: plato.stanford.edu
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Philosophical Mondays’ in Mission-2024 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To compare and contrast deontology and utilitarianism.
Directive word:
Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining deontological ethics and its features.
Body:
First, write as to why utilitarianism is more acceptable and popular.
Next, write the limitations of utilitarianism and how deontological ethics have more moral sensitivity in our daily lives on basis of rules and laws it lays down. Justify with examples as to how it is part of our daily lives.
Conclusion:
Give a concise summation of your views to conclude the answer.
Topic: Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and the world to the concepts of morality;
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: plato.stanford.edu
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Philosophical Mondays’ in Mission-2024 Secure.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context regarding justice as per Socrates.
Body:
Elaborate, upon the above further that in a just state one focusses on his own rights without impinging upon the rights of the others.
Next, write about the if or not the above concept of justice addresses historical injustices. Cite examples of substantiate you point.
Conclusion:
Conclude by giving a balanced opinion.
UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice -7-8-2023
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