Source: OECD
The G20 member countries have endorsed the “G20 Principles for Financing Cities of Tomorrow: Inclusive, Resilient and Sustainable.” These voluntary principles aim to enhance the efficient use of financial resources for inclusive and sustainable urban development.
Suggested measures for cities:
| Measures | Examples |
| Revenue Augmentation Through Own Source RevenuesOSR | Introducing a local sales tax for goods and services. |
| Implementing a business license fee for enterprises. | |
| Collecting parking fees in commercial areas. | |
| Market-based Solutions (e.g., PPPs) | Partnering with a private company to build a new city hospital. |
| Contracting a private firm for waste management services. | |
| Leverage Land as a Financing Solution | Developing a commercial complex near a new metro station. |
| Selling development rights to raise funds for public infrastructure. | |
| Enhancing City Creditworthiness | Implementing efficient budget allocation and financial reporting. |
| Establishing a stable and transparent revenue collection system. | |
| Maintaining a strong credit history for past infrastructure projects. | |
| Technology Interventions | Implementing a Geographic Information System (GIS) for property tax assessment. |
| Utilizing a SCADA system for real-time monitoring of water supply networks. | |
| City-to-City Exchanges and International Cooperation | Sharing urban planning strategies with a sister city to improve infrastructure. |
| Adopt Nature-based Solutions (NbS) | Planting trees and creating green spaces in urban areas. |
| Establishing urban gardens to promote biodiversity. | |
| Implementing rainwater harvesting systems to manage water resources. | |
| Integrated Approach for
Risk Reduction and Disaster Resilience |
Designing infrastructure with earthquake-resistant features. |
| Constructing flood barriers and improving drainage systems. | |
| Developing emergency response plans for natural disasters. | |
| Enabling Spatial Equity | Building universally accessible parks and playgrounds. |
| Initiating affordable housing projects for low-income families. | |
| Improving public transportation options in underserved neighbourhoods. | |
| – Establishing community centres that offer healthcare and education services. |
Usage: Few points can be taken and used for answering questions related to urban development and financing
