[MISSION 2024] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 3 August 2023

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• S1: Such an ordinance has the same force as an act of the assembly. Every such ordinance must be approved by the assembly within six weeks from its reassembly.
• He can also withdraw an ordinance at any time.
• But, he cannot promulgate an ordinance when the assembly is dissolved or suspended. Further, no such ordinance can be promulgated or withdrawn without the prior permission of the President.
• S2: The governor of a state can also issue ordinances under Article 213 of the Constitution of India, when the state legislative assembly is not in session.
• S3: The President can send back the advice given by the Council of Ministers and ask the Council to reconsider the decision. In doing this, the President acts on his (or her) own discretion. When the President thinks that the advice has certain flaws or legal lacunae, or that it is not in the best interests of the country, the President can ask the Council to reconsider the decision. Although, the Council can still send back the same advice and the President would then be bound by that advice, such a request by the President to reconsider the decision, would naturally carry a lot of weight. So, this is one way in which the president can act in his own discretion.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/08/03/government-of-national-capital-territory-of-delhi-amendment-bill-2023/

Ans: (a)

Explanation

• Delhi’s current status as a Union Territory with a Legislative Assembly is an outcome of the 69th Amendment Act through which Articles 239AA and 239BB were introduced in the Constitution. The Bench of then Chief Justice of India Dipak Misra and Justices A K Sikri, A M Khanwilkar, D Y Chandrachud and Ashok Bhushan, in three separate yet concurring orders, had said: “The status of the Lieutenant Governor of Delhi is not that of a Governor of a State, rather he remains an Administrator, in a limited sense, working with the designation of Lieutenant Governor”. The L-G does have the power to refer any matter, over which there is a disagreement with the elected government, to the President under Article 239AA(4).

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/08/03/government-of-national-capital-territory-of-delhi-amendment-bill-2023/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Context: The new WHO report on tobacco control highlights global progress, including the implementation of MPOWER measures.
• What is the MPOWER measure?
  • MPOWER measures are tobacco control strategies developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2008. They include:
    • M=Monitor tobacco use
    • P=Protect people from tobacco smoke
    • O=Offer help to quit tobacco
    • W=Warn about tobacco dangers
    • E=Enforce bans on tobacco advertising
    • R=Raise taxes on tobacco products

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/08/03/who-report-on-the-global-tobacco-epidemic-2023/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Context: The article highlights the limitations of temperature estimates from before the invention of thermometers, based on “palaeo proxies.” It calls the claims that a specific day was the warmest in over 100,000 years as scientifically unfounded.
• What are Palaeo proxies?
  • Palaeo proxies, short for paleoclimate proxies, are indirect pieces of evidence that scientists use to infer past climate conditions. Since instrumental climate records (such as thermometer measurements) are only available for a relatively short period, usually a few hundred years, scientists rely on various natural sources to reconstruct climate conditions over longer timescales.
  • To estimate past temperatures, scientists also use isotopes that undergo steady radioactive decay.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/08/03/palaeo-proxies/

Ans: (b)

Explanation: What is The doctrine of ‘reasonableness’?

• The ‘reasonableness doctrine’ is a legal principle used to evaluate the validity of administrative decisions. It assesses whether a decision is extremely unreasonable, based on factors like the consideration of relevant information, proper balancing of factors, and absence of irrelevant influences.

Refer:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/08/03/the-doctrine-of-reasonableness/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Mediation is an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) method in which a neutral third party, known as a mediator, helps parties in a dispute reach a mutually agreeable resolution.
• Mediation is considered a more cost-effective, efficient, and less adversarial method compared to traditional court litigation.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/08/03/mediation-bill-2021/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Context: The National Commission for Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) has developed an application called ‘MASI’ (Monitoring App for Seamless Inspection) for real-time monitoring of Child Care Institutions (CCIs) across the country.
• The app aims to ensure effective and efficient inspection of CCIs as provided under the Juvenile Justice Act, 2015 (amended in 2021).
• It allows unified inspections by various authorities, including Child Welfare Committees (CWCs), State Inspection Committees, Juvenile Justice Boards (JJBs), and State Commissions for Protection of Child Rights (SCPCRs).
• The Mission Vatsalya Scheme supports the infrastructure and financial needs of setting up CWCs in each district to ensure their effective functioning.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/08/03/masi-portal/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Context: The WHO has recognized the effectiveness of polypills in combating cardiovascular diseases by including them in the Model Lists of Essential Medicines.
• What are Polypills?
  • A polypill is a single pill that contains a combination of multiple medications, typically used for the prevention or treatment of various health conditions. It simplifies medication regimens by packaging several drugs together in a single dosage form.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/08/03/polypills/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Context: The Western Tragopan, Himachal Pradesh’s state bird, has been facing habitat loss, but efforts at a conservation breeding centre, have resulted in a gradual increase in the bird’s population.
• About Western Tragopan:
  • IUCN Status: Vulnerable; CITES– Appendix I.
  • The bird’s distribution ranges from North Pakistan to India, including Himachal Pradesh and parts of Uttarakhand.
  • The Western Tragopan faces threats from habitat loss, anthropogenic disturbances, and hunting pressure.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/08/03/western-tragopan/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• S1: The Asiatic lion’s range is restricted to the Gir National Park and environs in the Indian state of Gujarat.
• S2: The Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) is a large, even-toed ungulate native to the steppes of Central Asia.
• S3: The one-horned rhinoceros is native to the Indian subcontinent (not only India). The Indian rhinoceros once ranged throughout the entire stretch of the Indo-Gangetic Plain, but excessive hunting and agricultural development reduced their range drastically to 11 sites in northern India and southern Nepal.

Refer: UPSC CSE 2019