[Mission 2024] Current Affairs Quiz , 3 August 2023

Solution: b)

Statement 3 is incorrect.

El Niño – an abnormal warming of the central and eastern Pacific Ocean waters off the coasts of Ecuador and Peru, known to suppress rainfall in India.

The Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) – which measures the average sea surface temperature deviation from the normal in the east-central equatorial Pacific region.

El Niño will gradually strengthen and peak during the winter months.

Source

Solution: d)

Income tax is levied on the annual income of a person. As per the I-T Law, this period starts on April 1 and ends on March 31 of the next calendar year. The year in which income is earned is called as previous year and the year in which the income is charged to tax is called as assessment year.

Anyone whose maximum income in a year exceeds the exemption limit of Rs 2,50,000 (for individuals under the age of 60 years) must file ITR. 

The taxpayers won’t be able to carry forward the losses incurred in the current Assessment Year if they do not file their ITR.

Moreover, a penalty equal to 200 per cent of tax payable on the underreported income shall be levied as per section 270A, if taxpayers miss to file their income tax returns.

Source

Solution: b)

Statement 1 is incorrect.

What is the Railway Protection Force (RPF)?

The RPF is an armed force under the operational and administrative control of the Union Ministry of Railways, which is tasked with protecting and securing railway property, the passenger areas, and the passengers themselves.

The RPF was set up as a consequence of The Railway Protection Force Act, 1957, enacted by Parliament “to provide for the constitution and regulation of an armed force of the Union for the better protection and security of railway property and for matters connected therewith”. The Act came into force after Parliament passed significant modifications to it through The Railway Protection Force (Amendment) Act, 1985 (Act No. 60 of 1985). Rules under the Act were notified in 1987.

The RPF is led by a director-general.

Source

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

In most regions across the world, the oceans appear blue or navy blue for a reason. This happens due to “the absorption and scattering of light,” according to a report by NASA. When the sunlight falls on deep and clear water, colours with longer wavelengths, such as red, yellow and green, are absorbed by the water molecules but blue and violet, which have a much shorter wavelength, are reflected back.

“When sunlight hits the ocean, some of the light is reflected back directly but most of it penetrates the ocean surface and interacts with the water molecules that it encounters. The red, orange, yellow, and green wavelengths of light are absorbed so that the remaining light we see is composed of the shorter wavelength blues and violets”.

But when the water isn’t deep or clean, an ocean can appear to be of a different colour. For instance, along Argentina’s coastline, where major rivers merge into the Atlantic Ocean, the ocean exudes a brown tint because of dead leaves and sediments spewing from the rivers. In other parts of the world, the oceans appear green, which happens due to the existence of phytoplankton on the upper surface of the water.

Source

Solution: a)

Only option 1 is correct.

A registered party is recognised as a national party only if it fulfils any one of the three conditions listed below:

• A party should win 2% of seats in the Lok sabha from at least three different states.[8]
• At a general election to Lok Sabha or Legislative Assembly, the party polls 6% of votes in any four or more states and in addition it wins four Lok Sabha seats.
• A party gets recognition as a state party in four states.
• A party gets at least 8% of total valid votes polled in 4 or more states (with or without any seats)