[MISSION 2024] Insights SECURE : Daily UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice: 1 August 2023

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General Studies – 1


 

Topic: Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclone etc.

1.  The Volcanic landforms can vary widely in shape, size, and composition depending on the type of volcanic eruption and the characteristics of the lava and other volcanic materials involved. Explain. (150 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: Insights on India

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about volcanic landforms and their types.

Directive:

Explain – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction:

Begin by giving context about volcano and volcanism.

Body:

First, write in detail about the different types of volcanic landforms – Volcanic landforms are divided into extrusive and intrusive landforms etc.

Next, write about the various subtypes of the above landforms. Use a small representative diagram to represent the same.

Conclusion:

Conclude by Summarising.

 

Topic: Salient features of world’s physical geography.

2. The theory of plate tectonics is considered more complete than the continental drift theory because it incorporates and explains a broader range of geological phenomena and observations related to the movement of Earth’s lithospheric plates. Examine. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Insights on India

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2024 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

Directive word: 

Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by write about plate tectonics and the movement of continents and various theories put forward to explain them.

Body:

Write in brief about the continental drift theory and explains it briefly – forces it considers for the movement, supporting evidences it considers, critique of theory regarding the movement of the continents and its acceptance among scientists etc.

In the next part, write about plate tectonic theory, the mechanism of it and how it successfully explained the movement of continents. Use small and neat diagrams for better representation.

Conclusion:

Mention about general importance of the two theories and conclude your answer.

 

Topic: urbanization, their problems and their remedies.

3. Cities must take lead on climate change, rather than simply reacting to untoward events. Instead of pursuing smart cities, we should invest in rainwater harvesting and better drainage. Comment. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Indian Express

Why the question:

In the past few weeks, three major cities — Delhi, Ahmedabad, Mumbai — have been flooded. Cities like Hyderabad (in 2000), Srinagar (in 2014), Chennai (in 2021) and Bengaluru (in 2022) have also seen some areas being submerged during heavy rainfall.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about perils of unplanned urbanization and the consequences of flooding in cities and ways to overcome them.

Directive word: 

Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving context.

Body:

First, write about the Consequences of Unplanned Urbanization – adverse effects of haphazard urban growth, such as increased pollution, traffic congestion, Flooding in Cities, Environmental Concerns and strain on resources.

Next, write about the potential solutions to address the challenges posed by unplanned urbanization and flooding.

Conclusion:

Conclude with a way forward.

 


General Studies – 2


 

Topic: Parliament and State legislatures—structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these

4. Disruptions often lead to the adjournment of Parliament sessions, preventing the passage of important bills, laws, and policies. This hinders the legislative process and delays crucial decisions that affect the country’s governance and development. Evaluate. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: The HinduInsights on India

Why the question:

Parliament remained paralysed for the eighth consecutive sitting on July 31, with Rajya Sabha witnessing an aggressive push from the government to hold a short-duration discussion on Manipur, and the Opposition demanding a more expansive debate suspending all business. In Lok Sabha, where the Opposition is awaiting a debate on a no-confidence motion that has been admitted, disruptions continued as well.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the impact of parliamentary disruptions and measures needed to overcome the same.

Directive word: 

Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence.  You must appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming an opinion here.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving context.

Body:

First, write about the importance of parliamentary debates and discussion to our democracy.

Next, write about the impact of disruptions – delays in legislative work, waste valuable time and resources, erode public trust, deepen political polarization, and decrease the quality of debates.

Next, write about the measures that are needed to remedy this situation.

Conclusion:

Conclude with a way forward.

 

Topic: Welfare schemes for vulnerable sections of the population by the Centre and States and the performance of these schemes;

5. Discuss the significance of preserving tribal culture and the challenges faced in doing so. Suggest measures to promote the rich cultural heritage of tribal communities. (150 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: The Hindu

Why the question:

The article emphasizes the importance of safeguarding tribal culture and traditions, prompting a deeper examination of the subject matter.

Key Demand of the question:

To analyse the significance of preserving tribal culture and identify the obstacles encountered in this endeavour

Directive word: 

Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction:

Introduce the concept of tribal culture and its value in the context of cultural diversity.

Body:

First, write about Significance of Preserving Tribal Culture -unique cultural heritage and traditions of tribal communities, role of tribal culture in enriching the nation’s cultural tapestry and promoting social cohesion etc.

Next, write about Challenges in Preserving Tribal Culture – impact of modernization and globalization on tribal communities and their cultural practices, threat posed by urbanization, displacement, and assimilation to tribal identity etc.

Next, write about measures needed in the above regard.

Conclusion:

Conclude with a way forward.

 


General Studies – 3


 

Topic: Inclusive growth and issues arising from it.

6. LPG subsidies have the potential to bring about positive social, economic, and environmental changes in many communities. Critically analyse (250 words)

Difficulty level: Tough

Reference: The Hindu

Why the question:

The article raises concerns about India’s clean cooking strategy and calls for a re-evaluation of the approach to address cooking-related challenges.

Key Demand of the question: To write about LPG subsidy and how it is a critical social investment and reduces public health burden.

Directive:

Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction:

In the introduction, present the scenario in the Indian society about usage of LPG and traditional cooking fuel. Use some data/statistics.

Body:

First, explain first in what way LPG connections can be revolutionary in freeing women for productive time and reduce the public health concerns.

Next, talk about the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana, PMUY. It helped expand LPG coverage to > 85% of households, in comparison to less than a third in 2011.The government is again offering one crore new connections under Ujjwala 2.0 in FY22.

Present the associated issues and suggest solutions to address the same.

Conclusion:

Conclude with a way forward.

 


General Studies – 4


 

Topic: laws, rules, regulations and conscience as sources of ethical guidance;

7. A moral compass helps individuals identify and define their core values and principles. By reflecting on what they stand for and believe in, people can gain clarity on their ethical priorities and establish a strong foundation for making moral decisions. Elaborate. (150 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude by Lexicon Publications.

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about how moral compass leads to describe conscience, our inner sense of right and wrong offers a framework to guide our actions.

Directive:

Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the particular context. You must be defining key terms where ever appropriate, and substantiate with relevant associated facts.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction:

Start by describing what you understand by moral compass (conscience) which governs the actions you take in day-to-day life.

Body:

Elaborate on how a moral compass helps people make ethical decisions by helping to determine which actions would help or harm others, society, or the environment. It also helps people see how their actions can have consequences for other people and cultures.

Cite examples to substantiate.

Conclusion:

Complete the answer by bring out how the moral compass prevents us acting purely from self-interest and helps us live a life of integrity.


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