[MISSION 2024] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 22 July 2023

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• The PMLA was enacted in 2002 in line with India’s global commitment to combat money laundering, particularly related to crimes involving drugs and narcotics.
• The PMLA seeks to combat money laundering in India and has three main objectives:
  • To prevent and control money laundering.
  • To confiscate and seize the property obtained from the laundered money; and
  • To deal with any other issue connected with money laundering in India.
• The Act and Rules notified there under impose obligation on banking companies, financial institutions and intermediaries to verify identity of clients, maintain records and furnish information in prescribed form to Financial Intelligence Unit – India (FIU-IND).

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/07/22/eds-powers-to-arrest-and-seek-custody/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• The prime objective of the Enforcement Directorate is the enforcement of two key Acts of the Government of India namely, the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (FEMA) and the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA), and The Fugitive Economic Offenders Act, 2018 (FEOA).
• It is part of the Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance, Government Of India

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/07/22/eds-powers-to-arrest-and-seek-custody/

Ans: (b

Explanation:

• According to CDC, “Polio is a crippling and potentially deadly disease that affects the nervous system. Because the virus lives in the faeces (poop) of an infected person, people infected with the disease can spread it to others when they do not wash their hands well after defecating (pooping). People can also be infected if they drink water or eat food contaminated with infected feces. Most people with polio do not feel sick. Some people have only minor symptoms, such as fever, tiredness, nausea, headache, nasal congestion, sore throat, cough, stiffness in the neck and back, and pain in the arms and legs. In rare cases, polio infection causes permanent loss of muscle function (paralysis). Polio can be fatal if the muscles used for breathing are paralyzed or if there is an infection of the brain.”
• The virus multiplies in the intestine, from where it can invade the nervous system and can cause paralysis. Once that happens, the patient is crippled for life because there is no treatment for the affliction. That is why polio is so dreaded. Polio infection, however, is easily preventable by a vaccine.
• In January 2014, India was declared polio-free after three years on zero cases, an achievement that is widely believed to have been spurred by the successful pulse polio campaign in which all children were administered polio drops.
• Some years ago, India introduced the injectable polio vaccine in the Universal Immunisation Programme. This was to reduce chances of vaccine-derived polio infection, which continues to happen in the country. If both wild and vaccine-derived polio infection are reduced to zero, it would mean there is no trace left of the virus anywhere in the world, except in controlled situations in laboratories for future contingencies.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/07/22/why-is-the-oral-polio-vaccine-still-crucial-to-eradicate-polio/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Polio terrified parents around the world for the first half of the 20th century. Affecting mainly children under five, it is often asymptomatic but can also cause symptoms including fever and vomiting. Around one in 200 infections leads to irreversible paralysis, and among those patients, up to 10% die.
• There is no cure, but since a vaccine was found in the 1950s, polio is entirely preventable. Globally, the wild form of the disease has almost disappeared.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/07/22/why-is-the-oral-polio-vaccine-still-crucial-to-eradicate-polio/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• It was enacted to ensure that India’s forest land is not willingly usurped for non-forestry purposes.
• The Act empowers the Centre to require that any forest land diverted for non-forestry purposes be duly compensated.
• it broadens its purview to include territory that is not formally designated as “forest” in State or Central government records.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/07/22/the-forest-conservation-amendment-bill-2023/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Context: The India Meteorological Department (IMD) has recently introduced the Heat Index on an experimental basis.
  • Green: Experimental Heat Index below 35°C
  • Yellow: Experimental Heat Index in the range of 36-45°C
  • Orange: Experimental Heat Index in the range of 46-55°C
  • Red: Experimental Heat Index above 55°C

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/07/22/heat-index-2/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• An aurora, sometimes referred to as polar lights, northern lights (aurora borealis) or southern lights (aurora australis), is a natural light display in the Earth’s sky, predominantly seen in the high latitude regions (around the Arctic and Antarctic).
• Auroras are produced when the magnetosphere is sufficiently disturbed by the solar wind. It usually occurs in the upper atmosphere (thermosphere/exosphere) due to Earth’s magnetic field.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/07/22/auroras-in-mercury/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Context: India is considering expanding its solar STAR-C initiative, operated by the International Solar Alliance, to several Pacific Island nations as part of its diplomatic outreach in the region.
• The move comes amid increased outreach by China in the region, prompting traditional heavyweights like Australia and the Quad nations (US, Japan, Australia, and India) to place greater emphasis on engaging with Pacific Island countries to address shared challenges.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/07/22/solar-star-c-initiative/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/07/22/wheat-board-of-india/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• It is the largest tiger reserve forest in India and a critical tiger habitat. See https://etelangana.org/uploads/ebooks/Telangana_Article__2014-04-02_051708/2014-04-08_065702_Chenchu_Tiger_reserve.pdf

Refer: UPSC CSE 2020