[Mission 2024] STATIC QUIZ, 14 July 2023 – History

Solution: a)

Simon Commission:

An all-white, seven-member Indian Statutory Commission, popularly known as the Simon Commission (after the name of its chairman, Sir John Simon), was set up by the British government under Stanley Baldwin’s prime ministership on November 8, 1927

It suggested that a Consultative Council of Greater India should be established, which should include representatives of both the British provinces as well as princely states.

Congress and Muslims league boycotted commission. But Some others, such as the Unionists in Punjab and the Justice Party in the south, decided not to boycott the commission.

Solution: d)

The Berlin Committee for Indian Independence was established in 1915 by Virendranath Chattopadhyay, Bhupendranath Dutta, Lala Hardayal, and others.

Revolutionaries aimed to mobilise the Indian settlers abroad to send volunteers and arms to India to incite rebellion among Indian troops there and to even organise an armed invasion of British India to liberate the country.

Solution: c)

The famous statement of the revolutionary position is contained in the book The Philosophy of the Bomb written by Bhagwati Charan Vohra.

Solution: c)

Statement 1, 3 and 4 are correct.

Lahore session 1929

Presided by Jawahar Nehru.

The following major decisions were taken at the Lahore session:

• The Round Table Conference was to be boycotted.
• Complete independence was declared as the aim of the Congress.
• Congress Working Committee was authorised to launch a programme of civil disobedience, including non-payment of taxes, and all members of legislatures were asked to resign their seats.
• January 26, 1930 was fixed as the first Independence (Swarajya) Day, to be celebrated everywhere.

Solution: b)

Statement 2 and 3 are correct.

Gandhi’s Eleven Demands

To carry forward the mandate given by the Lahore Congress, Gandhi presented eleven demands to the government and gave an ultimatum of January 31, 1930 to accept or reject these demands. The demands were as follows.

Issues of General Interest

1. Reduce expenditure on Army and civil services by 50 per cent.
2. Introduce total prohibition.
3. Carry out reforms in Criminal Investigation Department (CID).
4. Change Arms Act allowing popular control of issue of firearms licences.
5. Release political prisoners.
6. Accept Postal Reservation Bill.

Specific Bourgeois Demands

7. Reduce rupee-sterling exchange ratio to 1s 4d
8. Introduce textile protection.
9. Reserve coastal shipping for Indians.

Specific Peasant Demands

10. Reduce land revenue by 50 per cent.
11. Abolish salt tax and government’s salt monopoly.

With no positive response forthcoming from the government on these demands, the Congress Working Committee invested Gandhi with full powers to launch the Civil Disobedience Movement at a time and place of his choice.