[Mission 2024] STATIC QUIZ, 5 July 2023 – Art and Culture

Solution: c)

Statement 1 is incorrect.

• The science of music called the Gandharva Veda is an Upaveda of the Sama Veda. The parts of the instrument Veena are mentioned in Aitareya Aranyaka.
• The Jaimini Brahmana speaks collectively of dance and music. The Kausitaki Brahmana puts dance, vocal and instrumental music together as an art.
• Panini in 500 BCE made the first proper reference to the art of making music but the first reference to musical theory was discussed in Bharata’s Natyashastra written and compiled between 200 BC and 200 AD.

Solution: a)

Only statement 3 is correct.

Sarangadeva, a 13th century musicologist wrote the classic text on music, the Sangeet Ratnakara.

The Sangeet Ratnakara defined about 264 ragas including some from the North Indian and the Dravidian repertoires. Its greatest contribution was to identify and describe the various ‘microtones’ and classify them into different categories.

Solution: c)

Solution: b)

With the decline of the Devadasi system, the art too became nearly extinct. However, the efforts of E. Krishna Iyer, a prominent freedom fighter, revived this dance form. Previously, this dance form was performed by solo female dancers; it has since become increasingly popular among male and group artists as well. Rukmini Devi Arundale, another famous proponent of Bharatnatyam, is remembered for giving global recognition to the dance.

Famous proponents: Yamini Krishnamurthy, Lakshmi Viswanathan, Padma Subramaniam, Mrinalini Sarabhai, Mallika Sarabhai, etc.

Options 2 and 4 are associated with the revival of Kuchipudi dance form.

Solution: d)

The caves of Udayagiri-Khandagiri provide some of the earliest examples of Odissi dance.