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General Studies – 1
Topic: The Freedom Struggle — its various stages and important contributors/contributions from different parts of the country.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Chapter 22- A Brief History of Modern India by Rajiv Ahir (Spectrum Publishers)
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1.
Key Demand of the question:
To write in detail about the nationalist response to the outbreak of world war-II.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Mention the how the colonial government involved Indian army and resources in the World War II without reaching out any leaders.
Body:
Talk about the response of various leaders as a strategy to achieve self-rule in the context of World War II wherein one faction supported the idea of supporting the British against Fascist parties so that in return, they could achieve self-rule whereas, another faction was of the opinion to make use of the situation wherein the British resources were thinned and have an attack on the British in order to achieve independence. Mention the views of INC leaders.
Also mention actions take such as Congress ministries resigning, Individual satyagraha and wait and watch approach.
Conclusion:
Conclude by mentioning the stage being setup for the launch of Quit India movement.
Topic: poverty and developmental issues
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Down to Earth
Why the question:
The article emphasizes the need for a united front in the battle against child labor. It highlights that child labor is a complex issue with various contributing factors, such as poverty, lack of education, weak enforcement of laws, and social norms.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the causes behind child labour menace and role of universal social protection in ending it.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving statistic relating to child labour in India.
Body:
First, write about the various measures to curb child labour and reasons for its continuance despite it – Poverty, inequality, lack of educational opportunities, slow demographic transition, traditions and cultural expectations etc.
Next, write about universal social protection – what it is, how it can help in curbing child labour. Cite examples and facts. Also, mention its shortcomings and how that can be addressed.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward and importance of ending child labour in achieving SDG’s.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The article discusses the significance of local body elections in West Bengal and highlights the need for peaceful and fair elections at the grassroots level.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the issues with local body election in India and ways to resolve them.
Directive word:
Critically examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Briefly explain the significance of local body elections in India.
Body:
First, write about the Issues in Local Body Elections in India -Lack of awareness and voter education, Low voter turnout, Limited knowledge about candidates and inadequate representation and inclusivity etc.
Next, write about the steps to counter issues in local body elections.
Conclusion:
Suggest a way forward.
Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
The article explores the evolving relationship between India and the United States. It suggests that while India’s interests may align with those of the United States, they are not necessarily identical.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the scope of India–United States (US) relations – in spheres of defence, technology, etc. Alignment of the above relations and their divergence.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context regarding the growth of the India-U.S relationship in the recent past.
Body:
In the first part, write about the US as India’s most comprehensive strategic partner, and cooperation between the two extends across multiple areas such as trade, defense, multilateralism, intelligence, cyberspace, civil nuclear energy, education, and healthcare.
Next, write about how even though in all these spheres they cooperate and are parallel in ideologies but not the same as both have diverged aspirations, and are based on different ideologies. Cite examples to substantiate.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a balanced opinion.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Food processing and related industries in India- scope’ and significance, location, upstream and downstream requirements, supply chain management.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the steps that are needed to harness India’s food processing potential.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving a statistic about current status of food processing industry in India.
Body:
First, in detail, write about the scope for food processing in India – youth population, growing demand, its suitability, sustained agricultural production etc.
Next, write about the steps that must be taken by the food processing industry to step up to realise its potential.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Probity in Governance: Concept of public service; Philosophical basis of governance and probity;
Difficulty level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the factors behind collusive corruption and measures need to prevent it.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining collusive corruption.
Body:
First, write about the factors that aid collusive corruption – opportunity costs, quid pro quo, acceptance of corruption etc. Write about its impact.
Next, suggest various measures to break the cycle of collusive corruption. Give examples to substantiate.
Conclusion:
Conclude by Summarising,
Topic: Probity in Governance: Concept of public service; Philosophical basis of governance and probity; Information sharing and transparency in government, Right to Information, Codes of Ethics, Codes of Conduct, Citizen’s Charters, Work culture, Quality of service delivery, Utilization of public funds, challenges of corruption.
Difficulty Level: Tough
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4.
Key Demand of the question:
To write how private sector meritocracy can be used as a yardstick for civil service reforms and its limitations.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context regarding private sector’s achievements in meritocracy with examples.
Body:
Next, mention the valuable lessons that can be emulated in civil services from private sector’s achievements in meritocracy. Argue as to how these will help improve the performance and effectiveness of civil services.
Next, mention the limitations and hindrances of such emulations.
Conclusion:
Conclude by giving a balanced opinion on civil service reforms.
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