[Mission 2023] STATIC QUIZ, 9 June 2023 – Art and Culture

Solution: b)

Statement 2 is incorrect.

The Vaisheshika school believes in the physicality of the Universe and is considered to be the realistic and objective philosophy that governs the universe. The Kanada who also wrote the basic text governing the Vaisheshika philosophy is often considered the founder of this school.

They argue that everything in the universe was created by the five main elements: fire, air, water, earth and ether (sky). These material elements are also called Dravya.

They also argue that reality has many categories, for example, action, attribute, genus, inherence, substance and distinct quality. As this school has a very scientific approach, they also developed the atomic theory, i.e. all material objects are made of atoms.

This school was also responsible for the beginning of physics in Indian subcontinent. They are considered to be the propounders of the mechanical process of formation of this Universe.

Solution: a)

All options could be eliminated except A.

Hawa Mahal is a palace in Jaipur. Jantar Mantar (there are many, but the famous one) is in Delhi. Meenakshi Temple is in TN.

The Panch Mahal is known as the wind catcher tower. It was commissioned by sikarwar rajputs.

This is an extraordinary structure employing the design elements of a Buddhist Temple; entirely columnar, consisting of four stories of decreasing size arranged asymmetrically upon the ground floor.

Solution: a)

Only Statement 2 is correct.

Gautama Buddha’s three main disciples known as Upali, Ananda and Mahakashyap remembered his teachings and passed them on to his followers.

It is believed that soon after the Buddha’s death a council was called at Rajagriha where Upali recited the Vinaya Pitaka (rules of the order) and Ananda recited the Sutta Pitaka (Buddha’s sermons or doctrines and ethics).

Sometime later the Abhidhamma Pitaka consisting of the Buddhist philosophy came into existence.

It is the last of the three pitakas constituting the Pali Canon, the scriptures of Theravāda Buddhism.

It is a detailed scholastic reworking of material appearing in the Suttas, according to schematic classifications. It does not contain systematic philosophical treatises, but summaries or enumerated lists.

Solution: b)

Shruti describes the sacred texts comprising the central canon of Hinduism viz. Vedas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas, & Upanishads.

Smiriti literally means “that which is remembered,” and it is entire body of the post Vedic

Classical Sanskrit literature. It comprises Vedanga, Shad darsana, Puranas, Itihasa, Upveda, Tantras, Agamas, Upangs. There is another post Vedic class of Sanskrit literature called Epics which includes Ramayana and Mahabharta.

However, there is not a distinct divide between Shruti and Smriti. Both Shruti and Smriti can be represented as a continuum, with some texts more canonical than others.

Solution: c)

• The main styles of North Indian temples include Latina, Phamsana, Shekhari and Valabhi types.
• Valabhi style of temples comprises ayatakara talachhanda yojana (rectangular ground plan), a doorway to one of its longer parasvas (side) and a semi- cylindrical sikhara (superstructure).
• About fifty percent of Valabhi style temples are in Uttarakhand.
• Latina types are mainly used for housing the garbhagriha.
• Phamsana type shikhara are broader and shorter than Latina type.
• In many north Indian temples, the phamsana type is used for mandapas while the main garbhagriha is housed in a Latina building.