Facts for Prelims (FFP)
Source: TH
Context: A study conducted by scientists from the CSIR-Centre for Cellular & Molecular Biology (CCMB) has revealed that genetic diversity decreases in species with larger body sizes and is higher in species where the mother cares for the offspring.
- The study focused on centipedes and found that they have higher genetic diversity compared to other arthropods like spiders and insects
Other findings of the study:
- Genetic diversity was found to be higher in the southern hemisphere: The findings suggest that historic climatic stability and low seasonality in southern latitudes may contribute to higher genetic diversity.
- Genetic diversity increased with the geographical distance between individuals, indicating limited gene flow between distant sites.
What is Genetic Diversity?
Genetic diversity refers to the variation in genetic information within a population or species. It is a fundamental component of biodiversity and plays a critical role in the survival, adaptability, and sustainability of species and ecosystems.
Explanation using an example:
In a population of butterflies, genetic diversity refers to the presence of various genetic variations that determine traits like wing colour and patterns. This diversity allows butterflies to adapt to different environments. If a disease affects butterflies with a specific wing colour, low genetic diversity can lead to population decline. However, high genetic diversity enables some butterflies to be resistant to the disease, ensuring population survival and recovery.
