Facts for Prelims (FFP)
Source: DTE
Context: International Day for Biological Diversity, celebrated on May 22 each year, is a reminder of the promise made during Kunming Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) (December 2022)
About the News:
| Description | |
| About International Day for Biological Diversity | The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in 1993 proclaimed 22nd May as IDB to increase understanding and awareness of biodiversity issues.
· 2011-2020: United Nations (UN) Decade on Biodiversity · 2021-2030: UN Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development and the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration |
| Theme for 2023 | “From Agreement to Action: Build Back Biodiversity” |
| About Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) | It is a non-binding international agreement that calls for urgent and integrated action to address biodiversity considerations in all sectors of the global economy. |
| Main Targets | The framework consists of four goals and 23 targets for 2030. The four goals are: 1. Conserve and restore biodiversity. 2. Ensure sustainable use of biodiversity. 3. Share benefits fairly and equitably. 4. Enable transformative change. |
| 30 by 30 Target | One of the important targets is to make 30% of the Earth’s land and oceans protected status by 2030. |
| Issues in meeting the targets | · Lack of Political will (similar targets set under the previous Aichi Biodiversity Targets in 2011 were not met by 2020);
· Funding Gap (Developed countries were supposed to provide $20 billion in international finance to developing nations by 2025 and $30 billion by 2030)- not yet functional · Non-alignment of National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plans (NBSAPs) with the GBF (only Spain has submitted the realigned NBSAP; even India has not done so) · Experts argue that the ‘targets of protection of 30% of land and water’, may infringe upon the rights of indigenous peoples. |
