[MISSION 2023] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 22 May 2023

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Generic medicines India is the largest manufacturer of generic medicines globally (valued at US$50bn currently and expected to reach US$130 Bn by 2030)
• India’s ranking in production      Indian Pharma ranks third in pharmaceutical production by volume. India is often referred to as the ‘pharmacy of the world’
• Vaccine supplier     India is the largest vaccine supplier in the world by volume (over 50% of all vaccines manufactured in the world)
• Drugs Controller General of India (DCGI): It is responsible for approving licenses for specified categories of drugs, setting standards for manufacturing, sales, import, and distribution of drugs in India, and heads the department of CDSCO.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/05/22/indian-pharma-industry/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Methane, a greenhouse gas, is 80 times more potent than carbon dioxide in terms of its global warming capacity. Approximately 40% of methane emitted is from natural sources and about 60% comes from human-influenced sources, including livestock farming, rice agriculture, biomass burning and so forth.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/05/22/methane-mitigation-policies/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Emissions from livestock mainly include carbon dioxide (from urea), nitrous oxide (from livestock dung and urine), and methane (from belching) among others. They contribute towards the greenhouse effect as due to these gases, heat gets trapped around the surface of the earth and causes global warming.
• According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), the Global Warming Potential (GWP) of gases is a metric that helps measure “the radiative effect (determined by the ability to absorb energy) of each unit of gas” over a specific period of time such as 100 years, “as expressed relative to the radiative effect of carbon dioxide.”
• Through GWP, we know gases such as nitrous oxide and methane produce more heat around the earth’s surface than carbon dioxide or CO2, which is taken as a reference. It absorbs more energy than CO2 but stays in the atmosphere for a shorter duration. Over a 20-year-period, it has 80 times more GWP than that carbon dioxide, according to the UNEP website.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/05/22/methane-mitigation-policies/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Context: The Andhra Pradesh High Court recently struck down a government order that aimed to regulate public meetings, processions, and assemblies on roads, highways, and streets.
• The Supreme Court, in the case of Mazdoor Kisan Shakti Sangathan vs Union of India, laid down guidelines for regulating protests and demonstrations.
• These guidelines include regulating the intended number of participants, prescribing minimum distances, imposing restrictions on certain routes, and disallowing the carrying of weapons.
• In India, the right to protest is a fundamental right under Article 19 of the Constitution. However, the right to strike is not a fundamental right but a legal right, protected by specific labour laws and regulations.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/05/22/freedom-to-protest/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Ukraine (the highest producer) and Russia account for 60% of the world’s sunflower oil production
• Other top producers of sunflower oil globally include Ukraine, Russia, Argentina, Romania, and Bulgaria
• Sunflower oil is the fourth most consumed edible oil in India, following mustard, soybean, and palm oil.
• India imports most of its Sunflower oil and sunflower seeds from Ukraine, Russia and Argentina and is the largest importer of Sunflower oil and sunflower seeds in the World.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/05/22/sunflower-oil/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• Arsenic is an odourless and tasteless metalloid found naturally in the earth’s crust and groundwater. It is highly toxic in its inorganic form and can cause arsenic poisoning. Arsenicosis, the accumulation of high levels of arsenic in the body, leads to adverse health effects and can result in multi-system organ failure and death. Efforts have been made under the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development to provide safely managed drinking water free of arsenic contamination. The Jal Jeevan Mission aims to provide safe drinking water to all households in rural and urban India by 2024.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/05/22/arsenic-contamination-2/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Glucose is a sugar, so it is not a non-sugar sweetener. The other options are all non-sugar sweeteners.
• Common NSS include acesulfame K, aspartame, advantame, cyclamates, neotame, saccharin, sucralose, stevia and stevia derivatives.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/05/22/whos-advice-on-non-sugar-sweeteners/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• All of the options are important limitations of radiocarbon dating. Radiocarbon dating can only be used to date organic materials, such as wood, bone, and cloth. It can only be used to date materials that are less than 50,000 years old. And it is not accurate for materials that have been burned or cooked.

Refer:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/05/22/calcium-41/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• The correct answer is B) Their body temperature fluctuates with the external environment. Cold-blooded animals, such as reptiles, amphibians, and most fish, do not have the ability to regulate their internal body temperature. Instead, they rely on external heat sources, such as sunlight or warm surfaces, to raise their body temperature. Conversely, they seek cooler environments to lower their body temperature. This reliance on external heat sources leads to fluctuations in their body temperature based on the surrounding environment.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/05/22/cold-blooded-animals/

Ans: (d)

Explanation: What is INDUS-X?

• It is a major upcoming initiative under the Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technologies (iCET), with the aim to promote partnerships and collaboration between the defence innovation ecosystems of both countries.
• INDUS-X is focused on advancing high-tech cooperation and exploring opportunities for joint research, development, and production in the defence sector.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/05/22/indus-x-under-the-icet/