[MISSION 2023] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 27 Apr 2023

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The following Quiz is based on the Hindu, PIB and other news sources. It is a current events based quiz. Solving these questions will help retain both concepts and facts relevant to UPSC IAS civil services exam.

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New Initiative: Revision Through MCQs (RTM) – Revision of Current Affairs Made Interesting

As revision is the key to success in this exam, we are starting a new initiative where you will revise current affairs effectively through MCQs (RTM) that are solely based on Insights Daily Current Affairs.

These questions will be different than our regular current affairs quiz. These questions are framed to TEST how well you have read and revised Insights Current Affairs on daily basis.

We will post nearly 10 MCQs every day which are based on previous day’s Insights current affairs. Tonight we will be posting RTM questions on the Insights current affairs of October 3, 2019.

The added advantage of this initiative is it will help you solve at least 20 MCQs daily (5 Static + 5 CA Quiz + 10 RTM) – thereby helping you improve your retention as well as elimination and guessing skills.

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Question 1 of 10

1. Question
1 points
Consider the following statements.
1. 1. Carbon sinks are natural systems that suck up and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
  2. A forest is considered a carbon sink if it absorbs more carbon than it releases.
  3. Continental forests store at least ten times more carbon than Mangroves, seagrass beds and salt marshes.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 2 and 3 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 1, 2 and 3
Correct

Ans: (a)

Explanation:
- Carbon sinks are natural systems that suck up and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The Earth’s land and oceans absorb about half of all carbon dioxide emissions from human activities.
- Mangroves, seagrass beds and salt marshes store at least ten times more carbon than continental forests.
- Sedimentary rocks in the Earth’s crust contain loads of carbon compounds, including the hydrocarbons we use as fossil fuels that leads to excess carbon dioxide in our atmosphere.
- A forest is considered a carbon sink if it absorbs more carbon than it releases.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/27/rising-sea-levels-and-their-disastrous-consequences/
Incorrect

Ans: (a)

Explanation:
- Carbon sinks are natural systems that suck up and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. The Earth’s land and oceans absorb about half of all carbon dioxide emissions from human activities.
- Mangroves, seagrass beds and salt marshes store at least ten times more carbon than continental forests.
- Sedimentary rocks in the Earth’s crust contain loads of carbon compounds, including the hydrocarbons we use as fossil fuels that leads to excess carbon dioxide in our atmosphere.
- A forest is considered a carbon sink if it absorbs more carbon than it releases.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/27/rising-sea-levels-and-their-disastrous-consequences/

Question 2 of 10

2. Question

1 points

Which one of the following statements correctly describes the ‘Zero Shadow Day’?

(a) A day when the sun shines directly overhead
(b) A day when the shadow of an object appears to be extremely small
(c) A day when there is no shadow visible at noon
(d) A day when the shadow of an object disappears completely

Correct

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

Context: Recently, Bengaluru experienced a ‘Zero Shadow Day’, when vertical objects appear to cast no shadow.

Definition	Zero Shadow Day is a phenomenon where the sun is exactly overhead and vertical objects appear to cast no shadow. It happens twice a year for every point on Earth between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.
Causes	Earth’s rotation axis is tilted at an angle of roughly 23.5° to the axis of revolution around the Sun
Occurrence	One day during Uttarayan (Sun moves northwards from winter solstice to summer solstice) and one day during Dakshinayan (Sun moves southwards from summer solstice to winter solstice)
Latitude	Occurs at latitudes equal to the angle between the Sun’s location and the equator on that day
Bengaluru Example	Experienced Zero Shadow Day on April 25, 2023, at 12:17 pm local time along 13-degree Latitude, with the next one expected on August 18, 2023

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/27/zero-shadow-day/

Incorrect

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

Context: Recently, Bengaluru experienced a ‘Zero Shadow Day’, when vertical objects appear to cast no shadow.

Definition	Zero Shadow Day is a phenomenon where the sun is exactly overhead and vertical objects appear to cast no shadow. It happens twice a year for every point on Earth between the Tropic of Cancer and the Tropic of Capricorn.
Causes	Earth’s rotation axis is tilted at an angle of roughly 23.5° to the axis of revolution around the Sun
Occurrence	One day during Uttarayan (Sun moves northwards from winter solstice to summer solstice) and one day during Dakshinayan (Sun moves southwards from summer solstice to winter solstice)
Latitude	Occurs at latitudes equal to the angle between the Sun’s location and the equator on that day
Bengaluru Example	Experienced Zero Shadow Day on April 25, 2023, at 12:17 pm local time along 13-degree Latitude, with the next one expected on August 18, 2023

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/27/zero-shadow-day/

Question 3 of 10

3. Question
1 points
On 21st June, the Sun
- (a) does not set below the horizon at the Arctic Circle
- (b) does not set below the horizon at Antarctic Circle
- (c) shines vertically overhead at noon on the Equator
- (d) shines vertically overhead at the Tropic of Capricorn
Correct

Ans: (a)

Explanation:
- For that hemisphere, the summer solstice is when the Sun reaches its highest position in the sky and is the day with the longest period of daylight. At the pole, there is continuous daylight around the summer solstice. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_solstice
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/27/zero-shadow-day/
Incorrect

Ans: (a)

Explanation:
- For that hemisphere, the summer solstice is when the Sun reaches its highest position in the sky and is the day with the longest period of daylight. At the pole, there is continuous daylight around the summer solstice. See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Summer_solstice
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/27/zero-shadow-day/

Question 4 of 10

4. Question

1 points

Which Union Ministry implements the ‘PM-SHRI’ scheme?

(a) Ministry of Culture
(b) Ministry of External Affairs
(c) Ministry of Education
(d) Ministry of Women and Child Welfare

Correct

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

PM ScHools for Rising India (PM-SHRI)
Type of Scheme	Centrally Sponsored Scheme
Announced	2022
Duration	2022-23 to 2026-27
Eligibility	Existing schools run by the Centre, States, UTs, and local bodies, including KVs, JNVs, state government schools, and those run by municipal corporations
Objective	To showcase the components of the National Education Policy, 2020 and serve as a model school.
Key Features of Redeveloped Schools	Modern infrastructure including labs and smart classrooms; experiential, holistic, integrated, play/toy-based, inquiry-driven, and discovery-oriented pedagogy
Cost Sharing Ratio	60:40 between Union Government and States/UTs (90:10 in certain cases)

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/27/pm-shri-scheme/

Incorrect

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

PM ScHools for Rising India (PM-SHRI)
Type of Scheme	Centrally Sponsored Scheme
Announced	2022
Duration	2022-23 to 2026-27
Eligibility	Existing schools run by the Centre, States, UTs, and local bodies, including KVs, JNVs, state government schools, and those run by municipal corporations
Objective	To showcase the components of the National Education Policy, 2020 and serve as a model school.
Key Features of Redeveloped Schools	Modern infrastructure including labs and smart classrooms; experiential, holistic, integrated, play/toy-based, inquiry-driven, and discovery-oriented pedagogy
Cost Sharing Ratio	60:40 between Union Government and States/UTs (90:10 in certain cases)

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/27/pm-shri-scheme/

Question 5 of 10

5. Question

1 points

Which Union Ministry launched the ‘SUPREME’ initiative?

(a) Ministry of Rural Development
(b) Ministry of External Affairs
(c) Ministry of Science and Technology
(d) Ministry of Home Affairs

Correct

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

Context: The Ministry of Science and Technology has launched the Support for Up-gradation Preventive Repair and Maintenance of Equipment (SUPREME) initiative to provide financial support for the upgradation and maintenance of analytical instrumentation facilities (AIFs).

Topic	Details
Aim	To provide financial support for repair, upgradation, maintenance, retrofitting, or acquiring additional attachments to increase the functional capabilities of existing analytical instrumentation facilities
Eligibility	Different facilities created under the projects with the support of DST only will be considered for funding support under this Scheme. Also, UGC recognized Central Universities/ State Funded Universities/Deemed Universities /Private Universities among others are also eligible to apply under this scheme.
Duration	The duration of support will be for a period not exceeding 3 years.
Funding Pattern	The funding pattern in the scheme would be 75:25 for all private and government-owned institutions (except for state-funded institutions for which 100% funding would be considered).

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/27/supreme-initiative/

Incorrect

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

Context: The Ministry of Science and Technology has launched the Support for Up-gradation Preventive Repair and Maintenance of Equipment (SUPREME) initiative to provide financial support for the upgradation and maintenance of analytical instrumentation facilities (AIFs).

Topic	Details
Aim	To provide financial support for repair, upgradation, maintenance, retrofitting, or acquiring additional attachments to increase the functional capabilities of existing analytical instrumentation facilities
Eligibility	Different facilities created under the projects with the support of DST only will be considered for funding support under this Scheme. Also, UGC recognized Central Universities/ State Funded Universities/Deemed Universities /Private Universities among others are also eligible to apply under this scheme.
Duration	The duration of support will be for a period not exceeding 3 years.
Funding Pattern	The funding pattern in the scheme would be 75:25 for all private and government-owned institutions (except for state-funded institutions for which 100% funding would be considered).

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/27/supreme-initiative/

Question 6 of 10

6. Question

1 points

Consider the following statements about shingles:

1. It is a viral infection.
2. It can infect/appear anywhere on the body.
3. Shingrix vaccine is used to prevent shingles.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3

Correct

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

Vaccine	Shingrix ( for prevention of shingles)
About shingles	Shingle is a viral infection that causes a painful rash. It can occur anywhere in your body. Shingles are caused by the varicella-zoster virus — the same virus that causes chickenpox
Purpose	To prevent shingles and post-herpetic neuralgia in adults aged 50 years or more
Virus Target	Varicella zoster virus (VZV)
Type	It is the world’s first non-live, recombinant subunit vaccine to be given intramuscularly in two doses.
Approved By	US Food and Drug Administration and the European Commission
Risk Groups	Individuals with weakened immunity due to diabetes, heart disease, kidney diseases, etc.
What is a “non-live, recombinant subunit vaccine”?	It is a type of vaccine that is made by taking a small piece of the germ (and not the whole germ) that causes a disease and using it to stimulate the body’s immune system to produce a response.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/27/shingrix/

Incorrect

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

Vaccine	Shingrix ( for prevention of shingles)
About shingles	Shingle is a viral infection that causes a painful rash. It can occur anywhere in your body. Shingles are caused by the varicella-zoster virus — the same virus that causes chickenpox
Purpose	To prevent shingles and post-herpetic neuralgia in adults aged 50 years or more
Virus Target	Varicella zoster virus (VZV)
Type	It is the world’s first non-live, recombinant subunit vaccine to be given intramuscularly in two doses.
Approved By	US Food and Drug Administration and the European Commission
Risk Groups	Individuals with weakened immunity due to diabetes, heart disease, kidney diseases, etc.
What is a “non-live, recombinant subunit vaccine”?	It is a type of vaccine that is made by taking a small piece of the germ (and not the whole germ) that causes a disease and using it to stimulate the body’s immune system to produce a response.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/27/shingrix/

Question 7 of 10

7. Question
1 points
The term ‘Phaethon’ was in the news recently, is associated with which of the following?
- (a) new superconducting material
- (b) new form of plastic pollution
- (c) agriculture pesticide
- (d) none of the above
Correct

Ans: (d)

Explanation:’
- Context: Phaethon, an asteroid that is the source of the annual Geminid meteor shower, has been found to have a tail made of sodium gas rather than dust as previously thought.
- About Phaethon
  - It is classified as an asteroid (the first to be discovered via satellite in 1983) and named after the Greek myth of Phaethon, son of the sun god Helios, due to its close approach to the Sun. It is blue in color, which is rare for an asteroid.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/27/3200-phaethon/
Incorrect

Ans: (d)

Explanation:’
- Context: Phaethon, an asteroid that is the source of the annual Geminid meteor shower, has been found to have a tail made of sodium gas rather than dust as previously thought.
- About Phaethon
  - It is classified as an asteroid (the first to be discovered via satellite in 1983) and named after the Greek myth of Phaethon, son of the sun god Helios, due to its close approach to the Sun. It is blue in color, which is rare for an asteroid.
Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/27/3200-phaethon/
Question 8 of 10

8. Question
1 points
Consider the following statements:
1. 1. In the case of all cereals, pulses and oil-seeds, the procurement at Minimum Support Prices(MSP) is unlimited in any State/UT of India.
  2. In the case of cereals and pulses, the MSP is fixed in any State/UT at a level to which the market price will never rise.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 2 only
- (c) Both 1 and 2
- (d) Neither 1 nor 2
Correct

Ans: (d)

Explanation:
- S1: While procurement is open-ended, it is not unlimited since our buffer stock is limited.
- S2: This is absurd. MSP is only an indicative price, and Market price can rise way above or way below MSP given the situation.
Refer: UPSC CSE 2020
Incorrect

Ans: (d)

Explanation:
- S1: While procurement is open-ended, it is not unlimited since our buffer stock is limited.
- S2: This is absurd. MSP is only an indicative price, and Market price can rise way above or way below MSP given the situation.
Refer: UPSC CSE 2020
Question 9 of 10

9. Question
1 points
With reference to the Indian Economy, consider the following statements:
1. 1. ’Commercial Paper’ is a short term unsecured promissory note.
  2. ‘Certificate of Deposit’ is a long-term instrument issued by the Reserve Bank of India to a corporation.
  3. ‘Call Money’ is a short term finance used for interbank transactions.
  4. ‘Zero-Coupon Bonds’ are the interest bearing short term bonds issued by the Scheduled Commercial Banks to corporations.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
- (a) 1 and 2 only
- (b) 4 only
- (c) 1 and 3 only
- (d) 2, 3 and 4 only
Correct

Ans: (c)

Explanation:
- RBI does not issue CDs to corporations, so S2 is wrong.
- S4 is incorrect too. Zero Coupon Bonds are G-secs that are issued at a discount and redeemed at par. No interest payment is made on such bonds at periodic intervals before maturity.
Refer: UPSC CSE 2020
Incorrect

Ans: (c)

Explanation:
- RBI does not issue CDs to corporations, so S2 is wrong.
- S4 is incorrect too. Zero Coupon Bonds are G-secs that are issued at a discount and redeemed at par. No interest payment is made on such bonds at periodic intervals before maturity.
Refer: UPSC CSE 2020
Question 10 of 10

10. Question
1 points
In the context of the Indian economy, non-financial debt includes which of the following?
1. 1. Housing loans owned by household
  2. Amounts outstanding on credit cards
  3. Treasury Bills
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- (a) 1 only
- (b) 1 and 2 only
- (c) 3 only
- (d) 1,2 and 3
Correct

Ans: (d)

Explanation:’
- Households, personal consumption, non-financial corporations, and credit to the government sector are a part of the non-financial debt.
Refer: UPSC CSE 2020
Incorrect

Ans: (d)

Explanation:’
- Households, personal consumption, non-financial corporations, and credit to the government sector are a part of the non-financial debt.
Refer: UPSC CSE 2020

[MISSION 2023] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 27 Apr 2023

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