[MISSION 2023] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 26 Apr 2023

Ans: (a)

Explanation: The World Development Report (WDR):

• It is an annual report published since 1978 by the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) or World Bank.
• It provides an in-depth analysis of a specific aspect of economic development.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/26/world-development-report-2023-migrants-refugees-and-societies/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• In the Berubari Union case (1960), the Supreme Court said that the Preamble shows the general purposes behind the several provisions in the Constitution, and is thus a key to the minds of the makers of the Constitution. Further, where the terms used in any article are ambiguous or capable of more than one meaning, some assistance at interpretation may be taken from the objectives enshrined in the Preamble. Despite this recognition of the significance of the Preamble, the Supreme Court specifically opined that Preamble is not a part of the Constitution.
• In the Kesavananda Bharati case17 (1973), the Supreme Court rejected the earlier opinion and held that Preamble is a part of the Constitution. It observed that the Preamble is of extreme importance and the Constitution should be read and interpreted in the light of the grand and noble vision expressed in
• the Preamble.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/26/kesavananda-case-and-its-legacy/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Article 200 provides that when a Bill passed by the State Legislature, is presented to the Governor, the Governor shall declare—
• (a) that he assents to the Bill; or
• (b) that he withholds assent therefrom; or
• (c) that he reserves the Bill for the President’s consideration; or
• (d) the Governor may, as soon as possible, return the Bill (other than a Money Bill) with a message for re-consideration by the State Legislature. But, if the Bill is again passed by the Legislature with or without amendment, the Governor shall not withhold assent therefrom (First Proviso); or
• (e) if in the opinion of the Governor, the Bill, if it became law, would so derogate from the powers of the High Court as to endanger its constitutional position, he shall not assent to but shall reserve it for the consideration of the President (Second Proviso).

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/26/powers-of-the-governor-under-article-200/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• The Governor can have his pleasure as long as the government enjoys a majority in the House. The Governor can withdraw his pleasure only when the government loses majority but refuses to quit. Then he withdraws the pleasure and dismisses it.
• Without the advice of the Chief Minister, a Governor can neither appoint nor dismiss a minister. That’s the constitutional position.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/26/powers-of-the-governor-under-article-200/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) is the second largest organization after the United Nations.
• About the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO):
  • It is a permanent intergovernmental international organisation.
  • It’s creation was announced on 15 June 2001 in Shanghai (China) by the Republic of Kazakhstan, the People’s Republic of China, the Kyrgyz Republic, the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tajikistan, and the Republic of Uzbekistan.
  • It was preceded by the Shanghai Five mechanism.
  • The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation Charter was signed during the St.Petersburg SCO Heads of State meeting in June 2002, and entered into force on 19 September 2003.
  • The SCO’s official languages are Russian and Chinese.
  • HQ: Beijing, China
• Bodies under SCO:
  • Heads of State Council (HSC) is the supreme decision-making body in the SCO. It meets once a year and adopts decisions and guidelines on all important matters of the organisation.
  • SCO Heads of Government Council (HGC) meets once a year to discuss the organisation’s multilateral cooperation strategy and priority areas, to resolve current important economic and other cooperation issues, and also to approve the organisation’s annual budget.
  • The organisation has two permanent bodies — the SCO Secretariat based in Beijing and the Executive Committee of the Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure (RATS) based in Tashkent.
  • The SCO Secretary-General and the Director of the Executive Committee of the SCO RATS are appointed by the Council of Heads of State for a term of three years.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/26/india-and-sco/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• About Sri Ramanujacharya:
  • Born in 1017 CE in Tamil Nadu.
  • He is the most respected Acharya in the philosophy of Sri Vaishnavism.
  • He was also referred to as Ilaya Perumal which means the radiant one.
  • His philosophical foundations for devotionalism were influential to the Bhakti movement.
  • He is famous as the chief proponent of Vishishtadvaita subschool of Vedānta.
  • He wrote influential texts, such as bhāsya on the Brahma Sutras and the Bhagavad Gita, all in Sanskrit.
• S2: Ramanuja’s guru was Yādava Prakāśa, a scholar who was a part of the more ancient Advaita Vedānta monastic tradition. Sri Vaishnava tradition holds that Ramanuja disagreed with his guru and the non-dualistic Advaita Vedānta, and instead followed in the footsteps of Tamil Alvārs tradition, the scholars Nāthamuni and Yamunāchārya.
• S3: Chokhamela was a saint in Maharashtra, India in the 14th century. He belonged to the Mahar caste, one of the untouchable castes in India. He wrote many Abhangas. He was one of the first low-cast poets in India.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/26/sri-ramanujacharya-and-adi-shankaracharya/

Ans: (a)

Explanation: About Adi Shankaracharya:

• Born in Kaladi village on the bank of the Periyar, the largest river in Kerala
• He was a disciple of the scholar
• He was constantly on the move — bearing the flag of Advaita Vedanta, challenging prevailing philosophical traditions including Buddhism and Jainism.
• He is believed to have established the ritual practices at the Badri and Kedar dhams.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/26/sri-ramanujacharya-and-adi-shankaracharya/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Explanation: Relative humidity (RH) and absolute humidity (AH) are both measures of the amount of moisture in the air, but they are different. RH is the ratio of the amount of water vapor in the air to the amount of water vapor the air can hold at a given temperature and pressure, expressed as a percentage. AH, on the other hand, is the total amount of water vapor in a given volume of air, typically measured in grams per cubic meter. AH does not take into account the temperature and pressure, while RH does. Therefore, RH is a more useful measure for determining the comfort level of indoor spaces, as it takes into account the amount of moisture the air can hold at a specific temperature and pressure, which affects how humans perceive the humidity.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/26/relative-humidity/

Ans: (b )

Explanation:

• Wet Bulb Temperature (WBT) is the lowest temperature that can be achieved through evaporative cooling of a surface. It is measured by wrapping a thermometer bulb with a wet wick and then measuring the temperature of the air in which the thermometer is placed. The moisture on the wick evaporates and cools the thermometer bulb, causing the temperature reading to be lower than the dry bulb temperature. The difference between the wet bulb and dry bulb temperatures can be used to determine relative humidity, which is a measure of the amount of moisture in the air. WBT is an important parameter in various fields, including meteorology, HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning), and agriculture.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/26/relative-humidity/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• The countries with coasts on the Adriatic are Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Italy, Montenegro and Slovenia.
• The Black Sea is located at the southeastern extremity of Europe. It is bordered by Ukraine to the north, Russia to the northeast, Georgia to the east, Turkey to the south, and Bulgaria and Romania to the west.
• The coastlines of the Caspian are shared by Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkmenistan.
• The North Sea lies between Great Britain, Denmark, Norway, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium and France.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/04/26/2nd-north-sea-summit/