[Mission 2023] STATIC QUIZ, 21 April 2023 – Art and Culture

Solution: d)

An important achievement of the Kalighat artistes was that they made simple paintings and drawings, which could easily be reproduced by lithography.

• From the depiction of Hindu gods, goddesses, and other mythological characters, the Kalighat paintings developed to reflect a variety of themes.
• The artists also chose to portray secular themes and personalities and, in the process, played a role in the Independence movement. They painted heroic characters like Tipu Sultan and Rani Lakshmibai.

Solution: d)

Some of the BUDDHIST PILGRIMAGE SITES IN INDIA

• Mahabodhi temple, Bodh Gaya (Bihar)
• The Mahaviharas of Nalanda, Vikramshila, Sompura, Odantapuri, Pushpagiri and Jagaddala
• Sirpur in Chhattisgarh.
• Lalitagiri, Vajragiri and Ratnagiri in Odisha
• Sarnath, near Varanasi (Uttar Pradesh). Site of first sermon of Buddha.
• Kushinagar, Uttar Pradesh
• Sanchi and Bharhut in Madhya Pradesh
• Nagapattinam in Tamil Nadu
• Bhaja & Karla caves, Pune (Maharashtra)
• Ajanta, Ellora and Pithalkora caves, Aurangabad (Maharashtra)

Solution: c)

Early Temples:

While construction of stupas continued, Brahmanical temples and images of gods also started getting constructed.

Often temples were decorated with the images of gods.

Each temple had a principal image of a god. The shrines of the temples were of three kinds—(i) sandhara type (without pradikshinapatha), (ii) nirandhara type (with pradakshinapatha), and (iii) sarvatobhadra (which can be accessed from all sides).

Solution: b)

This table gives a brief comparison between Nagara and Dravidian architecture.

Solution: a)

Brihadishvara Temple:

• Built by emperor Rajaraja Chola I (985 CE -1015 CE).
• Located on the banks of Kaveri river, it is an exemplary example of a fully realised Dravidian architecture.
• It is called as Dhakshina Meru(Meru of south).
• The temple is a part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the “Great Living Chola Temples“, along with the Chola dynasty era Gangaikonda Cholapuram temple and Airavatesvara temple.
• There are several shrines added to the temple by most of the following rulers such as the Pandyas, the Vijayanagara rulers and the Marathas, too.
• Brihadeshwara Temple is also the first all-granite temple in the world.