[MISSION 2023] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 30 Mar 2023

Ans: (a)

Explanation: directive word here is incorrect!

• A “carbon credit” (also known as a “carbon offset”) is an electronic and serialized unit that represents one ton of CO2 equivalent that is reduced, avoided, or sequestered from projects applying an approved carbon credit methodology.
• Decarbonization means the reduction of carbon. More specifically, the term refers to the conversion of the economic system or individual carbon emitting entity converting to reduce the carbon intensity of its (direct or value chain) emissions over time.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/03/30/draft-carbon-credit-trading-scheme/

Ans: (d)

Explanation: here the directive word is Not Correct

• All options are correct except option d i.e Carbon credits are traded at a price fixed from time to time by the United Nations Environment Programme.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/03/30/draft-carbon-credit-trading-scheme/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The government has launched a new Centrally Sponsored Scheme namely, the “New India Literacy Programme” (NILP) for implementation during five years from the FYs 2022-23 to 2026-27
• About the Scheme Description
• Implementation : 5 years from FYs 2022-23 to 2026-27
• Target : All Non-literates aged 15 years and above, with a target of 5.00 crore beneficiaries
• Components: Foundational Literacy and Numeracy, Critical Life Skills, Vocational Skills Development, Basic Education, Continuing Education
• Identification: Door-to-door survey on Mobile App, direct registration through the mobile app
• Teaching Method: Volunteerism, technology-based and predominantly online
• Teaching Material : Teaching resources available on the DIKSHA platform of NCERT, dissemination through TV, Radio, Samajik Chetna Kendra

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/03/30/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-30-march-2023/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• S1 AIIB has 97 members and is open to accepting additional members.
• S2: The allocated shares are based on the size of each member country’s economy (calculated using GDP Nominal (60%) and GDP PPP (40%)), whether they are an Asian or Non-Asian Member, and the number of shares determines the fraction of authorized capital in the bank.
• China is the biggest shareholder followed by India.
• See https://fas.org/sgp/crs/row/R44754.pdf and https://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ani/india-is-second-largest-shareholder-of-aiib-piyush-goyal-118062400640_1.html
• S3: It has members from outside Asia such as Fiji, New Zealand etc. Membership in AIIB is open to members of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development or the Asian Development Bank. See https://www.aiib.org/en/about-aiib/governance/members-of-bank/index.html

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/03/30/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-30-march-2023/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Debtor Reporting System (DRS) is a statistical reporting system maintained by the World Bank to monitor the debt of developing countries. It was established in 1951. Information is supplied through reports from debtor countries.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/03/30/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-30-march-2023/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• International Finance Corporation (IFC):
  • It is an international financial institution that offers investment, advisory, and asset management services to encourage private sector development in developing countries.
  • It is a member of the World Bank Group and is headquartered in Washington, D.C., United States.
  • It was established in 1956 as the private sector arm of the World Bank Group to advance economic development by investing in strictly for-profit and commercial projects that purport to reduce poverty and promote development.
  • The IFC is owned and governed by its member countries, but has its own executive leadership and staff that conduct its normal business operations.
  • It is a corporation whose shareholders are member governments that provide paid-in capital and which have the right to vote on its matters.
  • Since 2009, the IFC has focused on a set of development goals that its projects are expected to target. Its goals are to increase sustainable agriculture opportunities, improve healthcare and education, increase access to financing for microfinance and business clients, advance infrastructure, help small businesses grow revenues, and invest in climate health.
  • It offers an array of debt and equity financing services and helps companies face their risk exposures while refraining from participating in a management capacity.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/03/30/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-30-march-2023/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Asian Development Bank (ADB)
• It is a regional development bank.
  • established on 19 December 1966.
  • headquartered — Manila, Philippines.
  • official United Nations Observer.
• The bank admits the members of the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP, formerly the Economic Commission for Asia and the Far East or ECAFE) and non-regional developed countries.
• It is modeled closely on the World Bank, and has a similar weighted voting system where votes are distributed in proportion with members’ capital subscriptions.
• As of 31 December 2019, ADB’s five largest shareholders are Japan and the United States (each with 15.6% of total shares), the People’s Republic of China (6.4%), India (6.3%), and Australia (5.8%).
• Roles and functions:
  • Dedicated to reducing poverty in Asia and the Pacific through inclusive economic growth, environmentally sustainable growth, and regional integration.
  • This is carried out through investments – in the form of loans, grants and information sharing – in infrastructure, health care services, financial and public administration systems, helping nations prepare for the impact of climate change or better manage their natural resources, as well as other areas.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/03/30/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-30-march-2023/

Ans: (c )

Explanation:

• S1: A black hole can not be seen because strong gravity pulls all of the light into the middle of the black hole. But scientists can see how the strong gravity affects the stars and gas around the black hole. Scientists can study stars to find out if they are flying around, or orbiting, a black hole.
  • When a black hole and a star are close together, high-energy light is made. This kind of light can not be seen with human eyes. Scientists use satellites and telescopes in space to see the high-energy light.
• S2: The Sun will never turn into a black hole, because it is said to have less mass than needed to turn into one. When the Sun is about to reach its end and run out of its fuel, it will automatically throw off outer layers turning into a glowing gas ring known as a “planetary nebula”.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/03/30/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-30-march-2023/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The process of copying genetic information from one strand of the DNA into RNA is termed as transcription.
• In bacteria, there are three major types of RNAs: mRNA (messenger RNA), tRNA (transfer RNA), and rRNA (ribosomal RNA). All three RNAs are needed to synthesise a protein in a cell. The mRNA provides the template, tRNA brings aminoacids and reads the genetic code, and rRNAs play structural and catalytic role during translation. There is single DNA-dependent RNA polymerase that catalyses transcription of all types of RNA in bacteria. RNA polymerase binds to promoter and initiates transcription (Initiation).

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/03/30/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-30-march-2023/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/03/30/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-30-march-2023/