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General Studies – 1
Topic: History of the world will include events from 18th century such as industrial revolution, world wars, redrawal of national boundaries, colonization, decolonization, political philosophies like communism, capitalism, socialism etc.— their forms and effect on the society.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
Colonialism remains a relevant factor in understanding the problems and the dangers of the world in which we live.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about colonialism, its social and economic impact across the world and impact on India’s present,
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining colonialism.
Body:
First, write about the social impact of colonialism. Write both the positive and negative impacts witnessed across the world.
Next, write about the economic impact of colonialism. Write about the drain, the deindustrialisation, the economic stagnation as well positive impact of colonial rule.
Next, write about the impact of colonial past on India in the present day – violence and conflict, communalism, and a legacy of inequality etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to overcome the above.
Topic: Effects of globalization on Indian society.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Live Mint , Insights on India
Why the question:
The narrative that underpins the global economic system is in the midst of a transformative plot twist. Since the end of World War II, the so-called liberal international order has been premised on the free flow of goods, capital and finance, but this global arrangement now seems increasingly anachronistic.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the ending of hyper-globalisation across the world, its impact on the Indian society.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin the answer by defining hyper-globalisation.
Body:
First, write about the various features of hyper-globalisation citing a few examples.
Next, write about the factors that have led to deglobalisation across the world and why these factors mark a possible end of hyper-globalisation era.
Next, write about the positive impact of the above – sustainable and equitable economic policies, support small-scale farmers, increase access to healthcare and education etc.
Next, write about the negative impacts – reduced economic growth and job creation, diminishing foreign investment etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward to address the negative impacts.
Topic: Salient features of world’s physical geography.
3. What is rifting? Analyse the challenges & consequences of rifting across the world. (150 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Down To Earth
Why the question:
The emergence of a new coastline is on the horizon, but not without its consequences. Scientists, in 2020, predicted a new ocean would be created as Africa gradually splits into two separate parts. The study has been recently picked up by media outlets as well.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about rifting and its impact across the world.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining rifting.
Body:
First, in a small representative diagram, explain the process of rifting.
Next, write about the impact and challenges of rifting – frequent earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, loss of biodiversity, economic impact, infrastructure damage, and the formation of new oceans and landforms. Cite examples to substantiate.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward to address the challenges.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Parliament and State legislatures—structure, functioning, conduct of business, powers & privileges and issues arising out of these
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
Both Houses of Parliament put together functioned for 345 seconds on March 16, 2023, with the ruling BJP unrelenting in its demand for an apology from Congress leader Rahul Gandhi and the Opposition refusing to back down on the call for a joint parliamentary probe into the Adani Group controversy.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the impact of parliamentary disruptions and measures needed to overcome the same.
Directive word:
Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence. You must appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming an opinion here.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, write about the importance of parliamentary debates and discussion to our democracy.
Next, write about the impact of disruptions – delays in legislative work, waste valuable time and resources, erode public trust, deepen political polarization, and decrease the quality of debates.
Next, write about the measures that are needed to remedy this situation.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the progress made in infrastructure, challenges and areas for improvement.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, Write the about the progress made in developing infrastructure in the country and major initiatives taken for it and its achievements.
Next, write about the various limitations of the above – funding, slow paced development, environmental challenges etc.
Next, write about the steps that are needed for increased investment in infrastructure to support economic growth and improve the quality of life.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Infrastructure: Energy, Ports, Roads, Airports, Railways etc.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Insights on India , Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the issues in India’s road mobility and steps needed to overcome them.
Directive word:
Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence. You must appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming an opinion here.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
In the first part, bring out the various issues that plague the India’s mobility via road and its impact.
Next, write about the various measures that are needed to transform India’s mobility via road.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Case Study
However, as Rima’s following grew, so did her desire for more attention and money. She began to experiment with new content ideas that would attract more viewers, and that’s when she came up with the idea of selling parakeets on her channel.
Rima saw it as an opportunity to make some quick cash, and she didn’t think much of the ethical implications of selling live animals on social media. She advertised the birds on her channel, claiming that they were “hand-raised” and “perfect pets” for anyone looking for a new addition to their family.
Her followers were excited by the prospect of owning a pet parakeet, and many placed orders through her website. But Rima was in over her head. She had never sold animals before, and she had no idea how to care for them properly. She also had no idea how to transport them safely.
The situation soon spiralled out of control. The parakeets arrived at their new homes sick and malnourished, and many died within days of arriving. The buyers were angry and disappointed, and they took to social media to voice their grievances.
The authorities soon caught wind of Rima’s illegal activities, and she was arrested and charged with animal cruelty. Her YouTube channel was taken down, and her reputation was irreparably damaged. Rima’s downfall was a cautionary tale of the dark side of influencer culture.
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- Identify the ethical issues in the above case.
- As a friend of Rima, what advice would you give her in this situation?
- Why do you think some social media influencers act in this manner? How can these type of issues, especially the ignorance of law, be managed by the government?
- Why is educating masses about animal ethics so important? As an administrator what measures will you take to create awareness about animal ethics?
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