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General Studies – 1
Topic: Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
A seminar on ‘Art in the Indus Civilization’ was recently held in Chennai. Why art? Because the unverifiable readings of the Indus script are a major impediment, art becomes the most reliable source of information. This Bronze Age civilisation covered a vast area, from Balochistan in the west to Western UP in the east, from Afghanistan in the north to Gujarat in the south, the largest ‘empire’ of the ancient world.
Key Demand of the question:
To write Harapan architecture, urban planning and art of Harapan civilisation.
Directive word:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by context about Harappan architecture.
Body:
First, write about various remarkable features of Harappan architecture and town planning – urban planning, baked brick houses, elaborate drainage systems, water supply systems etc. Cite examples.
Next, write about the various features of Harappan art – Pottery, Metallurgy, Paintings and Religious symbols.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
Topic: urbanization, their problems and their remedies.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: The Hindu
Why the question:
All upcoming housing societies and commercial complexes in the country will soon mandatorily have to ensure net zero waste and have their liquid discharge treated, as part of the government’s push for reforming and modernising the sewage disposal system.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about net zero waste, challenges and opportunities in achieving it.
Directive word:
Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence. You must appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming an opinion here.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining net zero waste.
Body:
In the first part, write about the advantages of net zero waste – reducing pollution and greenhouse gas emissions, promoting resource efficiency and cost savings, enhancing public health and well-being, contributing to sustainable communities etc.
Next, write about the challenges in having net zero waste – including limited infrastructure and technology, limited public awareness and participation, high upfront costs, regulatory barriers, and a lack of collaboration among businesses, governments, and communities etc.
Next, write about the opportunity for India in being net zero waste.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
U.K. Prime Minister Rishi Sunak is heading to San Diego on March 12, 2023 to finalise the AUKUS deal — a trilateral security partnership between Australia, the U.K. and the U.S. that will provide nuclear-powered submarines to Australia.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the impact of formation of AUKUS.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing about the formation of AUKUS.
Body:
In the first part, write about the reasons behind formation of AUKUS.
Next, elaborate on the security pact and its impact on the Indo-pacific. nuclear-powered submarines in Australia, deterrence to China, enhancing joint capabilities and deeper military interoperability etc.
Next, bring in the impact of formation of AUKUS other countries. – New Zealand, European Union especially with souring of Australia-France relations, ASEAN, possible responses of China. Mention the impact on India.
Conclusion:
Summarise the impact of new geo-political developments on rules based multilateral order.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Effects of liberalization on the economy.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write roles and responsibilities of the IMF.
Directive word:
Elucidate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving a brief about aims of the World Bank.
Body:
Write about the major aspects of global economy that IMF deals with – promoting international monetary cooperation, exchange stability, and sustainable economic growth. The IMF provides financial assistance and policy advice to member countries experiencing economic difficulties, promotes international economic cooperation and coordination, and works to establish international economic rules and standards. Substantiate with facts and examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude by Summarising.
Topic: Effects of liberalization on the economy
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 3 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write a critique of World Bank and suggest possible reforms in it.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context of role of World Bank.
Body:
First, write in detail about the significant contributions to development efforts, to reduce poverty and promote sustainable economic development in the country. Cite examples and statistics.
Next, write about the various shortcomings of the IMF – lacking accountability, causing social and environmental harm, promoting neoliberal policies, imposing harsh conditions on developing countries, and contributing to the global debt crisis.
Next, write about the possible reform to make it more effective.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: Science and Technology- developments and their applications and effects in everyday life.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
It is clear from the rigorous work of many scientists today that, going forward, even if we drastically improve our dealings with nature, at least a few generations to come are likely to experience natural disasters with a frequency, intensity, and complexity far greater than the generations before them.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the complementary nature of disaster prevention and emergency response during a disaster.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by disaster prevention.
Body:
First, write about role of disaster prevention in mitigating the impact of disasters – identifying potential hazards, assessing the risk they pose, and taking steps to reduce the likelihood of a disaster occurring.
Next, write about the importance of emergency response – search and rescue, medical assistance, shelter and basic needs, communication and coordination, and damage assessment.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and world.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: plato.stanford.edu
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Philosophical Mondays’ in Mission-2023 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
write about the nature of virtues – if they are innate or they can be learnt.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by giving context of Plato’s view of Virtues.
Body:
First, write that virtues are not innate but can be learned through education, reflection, and practice. He believed that individuals must be taught and trained to develop virtues, and that the development of virtues required a lifelong process of education and reflection.
Next, write a counter view to the above – the innate nature of virtues.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a balanced view on the above issue.
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