[MISSION 2023] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 7 Mar 2023

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• National Disaster Response Fund is defined in Section 46 of the Disaster Management Act, 2005 (DM Act) as a fund managed by the Central Government for meeting the expenses for emergency response, relief and rehabilitation due to any threatening disaster situation or disaster. NDRF is constituted to supplement the funds of the State Disaster Response Funds (SDRF) of the states to facilitate immediate relief in case of calamities of a severe nature.
• The DM Act defines “disaster” to mean ‘a catastrophe, mishap, calamity or grave occurrence in any area, arising from natural or man-made causes, or by accident or negligence which results in substantial loss of life or human suffering or damage to, and destruction of, property, or damage to, or degradation of, environment, and is of such a nature or magnitude as to be beyond the coping capacity of the community of the affected area.’
• NDRF amount can be spent only towards meeting the expenses for emergency response, relief and rehabilitation. For projects exclusively for the purpose of mitigation, i.e, measures aimed at reducing the risk, impact or effect of a disaster or threatening disaster situation a separate fund called National Disaster Mitigation Fund has to be constituted.
• NDRF is located in the “Public Accounts” of Government of India under “Reserve Funds not bearing interest”.
• Department of Agriculture and Cooperation under Ministry of Agriculture (MoA) monitors relief activities for calamities associated with drought, hailstorms, pest attacks and cold wave /frost while rest of the natural calamities are monitored by Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA).

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/03/07/landslide-atlas-of-india/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• S1 and S2: : Electoral Bond is a financial instrument for making donations to political parties. The bonds are available for purchase by any person (who is a citizen of India or incorporated or established in India) for a period of ten days each in the months of January, April, July and October as may be specified by the Central Government.
• The bonds are issued in multiples of Rs. 1,000, Rs. 10,000, Rs. 1 lakh, Rs. 10 lakh and Rs. 1 crore without any maximum limit.
• State Bank of India is authorised to issue and encash these bonds, which are valid for fifteen days from the date of issuance.
• These bonds are redeemable in the designated account of a registered political party.
• A person being an individual can buy bonds, either singly or jointly with other individuals.
• S3: Donor’s name is not mentioned on the bond.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/03/07/what-does-it-take-to-buy-an-electoral-bond/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• S1: The electoral bonds were introduced with the Finance Bill, 2017.
• S4: SBI deposits bonds that a political party hasn’t enchased within 15 days into the Prime Minister’s Relief Fund.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/03/07/what-does-it-take-to-buy-an-electoral-bond/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• While hydrogen generated through renewable energy sources is green, it is blue when the carbon generated from the process is captured and stored without dispersing it in the atmosphere. When the carbon is not captured, the generated hydrogen is labelled grey.
• The major challenge in the usage of green hydrogen will be its storage. Given the very low density of hydrogen, it will require large volumes for its storage.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/03/07/how-to-become-a-green-hydrogen-superpower/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• The prime objective of the Enforcement Directorate is the enforcement of two key Acts of the Government of India namely, the Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999 (FEMA) and the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002 (PMLA), and The Fugitive Economic Offenders Act, 2018 (FEOA).
• It is part of the Department of Revenue, Ministry of Finance, Government Of India

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/03/07/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-07-march-2023/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• The U.N.’s World Meteorological Organization has come up with a new Global Greenhouse Gas Monitoring Infrastructure that aims to provide better ways of measuring planet-warming pollution and help inform policy choices.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/03/07/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-07-march-2023/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Seahorses are mainly found in shallow tropical and temperate salt water throughout the world, from about 45°S to 45°N.
• Seahorses are also known for their ability to change color and blend in with their surroundings, which helps them to avoid predators.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/03/07/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-07-march-2023/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• Genome sequencing is figuring out the order of DNA nucleotides, or bases, in a genome—the order of As, Cs, Gs, and Ts that make up an organism’s DNA.
• Justification: Statement 1: Currently available newborn screening (genome) for childhood diseases allows detection of rare disorders that can be prevented or better treated by early detection and intervention.
• https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/whole-genome-sequencing-predict-disease/
• Statement 2: Naturally if the gene potential can be identified by screening and sequencing, it will help in better genetic engineering.
• Statement 3: This can be reasoned logically based on the above.
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whole_genome_sequencing

Refer: UPSC CSE 2017

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Statement 1: The GCCA was established by the European Union (EU) in 2007 to strengthen dialogue and cooperation with developing countries, in particular least developed countries (LDCs) and small island developing States (SIDS).
• Statement 2: By fostering effective dialogue and cooperation on climate change, the Alliance helps to ensure that poor developing countries most vulnerable to climate change increase their capacities to adapt to the effects of climate change, in support of the achievement of the Millenium Development Goals (MDGs).
• Statement 3: There is no mention of WRI and WBCSD at the official partners page of GCCA, even though a lot of other institutions are mentioned like FAO, UNDP etc.
• http://www.gcca.eu/about-the-gcca/partners

Refer: UPSC CSE 2016

• CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora) is an international agreement between governments.
• Even though participation is voluntary, the member countries have agreed to be bound by the Convention known as the Parties.
• CITES are legally binding on the Parties but it does not take the place of national laws.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/03/06/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-06-march-2023/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Statement 1:  The Climate and Clean Air Coalition to Reduce Short-Lived Climate Pollutants (CCAC) was launched by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and six countries—Bangladesh, Canada, Ghana, Mexico, Sweden, and the United States—in 2012.
• Statement 2: The Coalition’s initial focus is on methane, black carbon, and HFCs.
• http://www.ccacoalition.org/en/content/about-us

Refer: UPSC CSE 2017

• Statement 1: Presently it is a three member body, one CEC and two other ECs.
• Statement 2: ECI decides this schedule.
• Statement 3: Splits, mergers and alliances have frequently disrupted the compositions of political parties.
• This has led to a number of disputes over which section of a divided party gets to keep the party symbol, and how to classify the resulting parties in terms of national and state parties.
• The Election Commission has to resolve these disputes, although its decisions can be challenged in the courts.
• http://eci.nic.in/eci_main1/the_function.aspx#splitsandmergers

Refer: UPSC CSE 2017