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General Studies – 1
Topic: Salient features of world’s physical geography.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Down to Earth , Insights on India
Why the question:
Studies reveal new insights about Earth’s mysterious mantle.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about interior of earth and the properties of mantle.
Directive word:
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning that the structure of earth’s interior.
Body:
First, draw small neat labelled diagram to explain various parts of interior of the earth in brief.
Next, write about the properties of mantle – its nature, seismicity, viscosity, composition etc. Write importance of mantle of interior of the earth.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
General Studies – 2
Topic: India and its neighborhood- relations.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 2 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the ways in which India and China can improve their foreign relations.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context regarding the Indo-China situation.
Body:
First, race the complex and multi-faceted nature of Indo-China relations.
Next, p resent Background on recent India-China relations; Continuing stand-off: no signs of resolution, disengagement has stalled and talks been fruitless. Rupture bilateral relationship: Political relations are marked by hostility and distrust.
Strategic lessons for India: intensifying strategic competition with China, China more likely to be deterred with threat of political costs rather than material costs, Indian Ocean Region (IOR) is the key, rather than LAC.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
Topic: Effect of policies and politics of developed and developing countries on India’s interests, Indian diaspora.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 2 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the contributions of Indian diaspora in the U.S.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by giving statistic regarding to the presence of Indian diaspora in the U.S.
Body:
Write about the dynamic nature of Indian diaspora – Indian Americans have been organizing themselves and advocating for issues that affect their community, such as immigration reform, religious freedom, and civil rights.
Next, write about the contributions of Indian Diaspora in various fields such as – science, medicine, and technology, music, food, and art etc. Cite examples to substantiate.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
Topic: Development processes and the development industry —the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Down to Earth , Insights on India , Insights on India
Why the question:
The challenges that the civil society organisations (CSO) in India face are new and enduring, ranging from the new Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act (FCRA) induced shrinking of resources to lack of clear governance structure, techno-managerial dominance over volunteerism, to misconceptions about non-profits and many more.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the role of social capital in the functioning of civil society, their successes and limitations.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining social capital in the context of it being enjoyed by civil societies.
Body:
First, write about how the social capital of Civil society organizations – They are an important source of information for both citizens and they engage in advocating the public’s rights and wishes of the people, including but not limited to health, environment etc. Cite examples to substantiate.
Next, write about the limitations of civil society in India – foreign funding issues, self-appointed rather than elected, and thus do not represent the popular will etc, opaqueness, anti-national activities etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
National Science Day is celebrated every year on February 28 in commemoration of the discovery of the ‘Raman Effect’ by the genius scientist Sir C.V. Raman. The theme for National Science Day, NSD 2023 is ‘Global Science for Global Wellbeing’.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about various successes and limitations for growth and development of science and technology in India and measures needed to promote scientific research.
Directive word:
Critically examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, write about the achievements of India in science since Independence – significant contributions to the fields of physics, chemistry, mathematics, biology, and engineering. India has a large and growing network of research institutions, universities, and laboratories, which are actively involved in cutting-edge research in various fields. Cite examples.
Next, write about the shortcomings and limitations to development of science in India.
Next, suggest reforms that must be taken in order to overcome the above.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and world.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Conceptual Tuesdays’ in Mission-2023. Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
Write about importance of middle path in our daily lives.
Directive word:
Elucidate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Directive word:
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start with a brief middle path of Buddha.
Body:
Write about the concept of ‘middle path’ (madhyamaka) which steers clear of the extremes. Elaborte upon it as it essentially implies avoiding extremes, such as what we are witnessing today-narrow nationalism and unbridled liberalism, religious bigotry and decrying religion, obsession with a glorious past and justifying all things considered modern; in short, blind faith in what one considers right without consideration for the other’s point of view.
Conclusion:
Conclude by mentioning Buddha’s call to avoid extreme ways of practice and walk the middle way of reasonableness is the need of the hour.
Topic: Human Values – lessons from the lives and teachings of great leaders, reformers and administrators;
Difficulty level: Easy
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Conceptual Tuesdays’ in Mission-2023. Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the how focus on comparison with others and not on one’s own happiness leads to envy and distress.
Directive word:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context regarding how humans compare themselves with others.
Body:
Write about how comparing yourself with others will lead to envy and jealousy rather enjoying what you have. Mention that these things lead to a distress in an individual. Substantiate with examples.
Next, write about focussing one’s own happiness and practising contentment.
Conclusion:
Summarise by highlighting the importance contentment.
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