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General Studies – 1
Topic: Indian culture will cover the salient aspects of Art Forms, literature and Architecture from ancient to modern times.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India , Insights on India
Why the question:
In his Mann ki Baat address Prime Minister Narendra Modi spoke of several musical instruments and folk artists who he hoped would “continue to inspire everyone at the grassroots towards making performing arts more popular”.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the various manifestations of Folk art in India.
Directive word:
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving a brief about folk art in India with examples.
Body:
Mention the major elements of folk art in India. Elaborate how they are manifestation of cultural diversity as well as regional specializations. Substantiate with examples.
Conclusion:
Summarize with respect to folk art of India.
Topic: Important Geophysical phenomena such as earthquakes, Tsunami, Volcanic activity, cyclone etc., geographical features and their location-changes in critical geographical features (including water-bodies and ice-caps) and in flora and fauna and the effects of such changes.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
In the week of February 21, the India Meteorological Department (IMD) warned that the maximum temperatures over northwest, west, and central India would be 3-5° C higher than the long-term average.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about heat waves and causes of heat wave conditions and impact of El-Nino on it
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by defining a heat wave.
Body:
In the first part of the body, start by mentioning the criteria for a heat wave: in temperature for plains, coastal areas and hilly areas. The criteria for a severe heat wave.
In the next part, mention the causes behind heat waves in India. Write about the ways in which El-Nino impacts heatwaves in India.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing about measures that must be taken to tackle heatwaves in India.
General Studies – 2
Topic: India and its neighborhood- relations.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 2 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the evolution of Indo-Pak foreign relations.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
In the first part, write about the tumultuous relationship since 1947 – disputed region of Jammu and Kashmir, India and Pakistan have fought three wars since their independence, in 1947-48, 1965, and 1971, cross border terrorism by Pakistan etc. Cite examples to substantiate.
Next, write about the impact of the above and measures that are needed to normalise the relationship between the two countries.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: India and its neighborhood- relations.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 2 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the various areas of cooperation between India and Bhutan.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving a brief history of India Bhutan relations.
Body:
In the first part, write about the various areas of cooperation between India and Bhutan – Treaties and Agreements, Economic Cooperation, Security Cooperation, Cultural Ties, People-to-People Contacts etc. Substantiate with facts and examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising the importance of Indo-Bhutanese relations.
General Studies – 3
Topic: basics of cyber security;
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India , Insights on India
Why the question:
The past few weeks have highlighted the soft underbelly of our fast expanding digital networks. The first was the ransomware attack on the servers of India’s premium institute, the All India Institute of Medical Sciences. Nearly 40 million health records were compromised and it took over two weeks for the systems to be brought online. Soon afterwards, a ransomware gang, BlackCat, breached the parent company of Solar Industries Limited, one of the Ministry of Defence’s ammunition and explosives manufacturers, and extracted over 2 Terabyte of data.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about India’s cybersecurity challenges and need for international cooperation n to address them.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the Critically examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context of the cyber security scenario in India.
Body:
First, write about the major cyber security challenges of India – cyber-attacks, lack of infrastructure, digital illiteracy etc.
Next, write about how emerging technologies such as 5G, IoT, cryptocurrency, Metaverse etc have complicated the cyber-security scenario in the country.
Mention the steps that can be taken in the above regard to address the above-mentioned challenges. Write about how international cooperation can help in this regard.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
Topic: Role of external state and non-state actors in creating challenges to internal security.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
In Punjab, a preacher called Amritpal Singh was waging a real war against the state by leading an angry mob in an attack on Ajnala police station to demand the release of a comrade.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the Khalistani movement in the present day and need to
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by giving context of Khalistani movement in 1970s and 1980s.
Body:
First, in brief, write about the Khalistani separatist movement and its impact.
Next, write about the dormant nature of Khalistani movement in the present day and how it is mostly operated through abroad.
Next, write about concerns and risks associated with rise of new extremist elements and the course of action to be taken in this regard.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Contributions of moral thinkers and philosophers from India and world.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: newworldencyclopedia.org
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Philosophical Mondays’ in Mission-2023 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
write about detailed description of the concept of Eudaimonism, its proponents, few examples and its applicability.
Directive word:
Explain – Clarify the topic by giving a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by defining Eudaimonism
Body:
Detailed description of eudaimonia – a state of happiness and fulfilment. Socrates argued that this could only be achieved through living a virtuous life, which he defined as a life that is guided by reason and governed by ethical principles. Cite examples to substantiate.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
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