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General Studies – 1
Topic: Salient features of Indian Society, Diversity of India.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
The LGBTQIA+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual) movement is a pretty recent phenomenon in India’s history, culminating in the historic decriminalisation of Section 377 that gave homosexuality a criminal status.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the discrimination and injustice faced by the LGBTQIA+ community in India.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, write about the issues faced by the LGBTQ+ community – Many families especially in the rural areas are homophobic and transphobic and often treat people from the community to have some kind of psychological disorder.
Next, mention about issues such as forced rapes within families, admission into hospitals for change of sexual orientation, medical institutions admit people from the community along with other psychologically disturbed and conducting some psychological and sexual experiments, instances of suicides, families abandoning those who come out leading to financial insecurity etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward to achieve true inclusion.
Topic: Role of women and women’s organization, population and associated issues, poverty and developmental issues.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Down to Earth , Insights on India
Why the question:
Around 3,000 people accused of solemnising child marriage have been arrested by Assam Police since February 3, 2023. It has made headlines across India. The crackdown is continuing. The arrests are being carried out based on 4,135 first information reports (FIR) registered across Assam.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the factors leading to child marriages and its impact on girl child and measures needed to stop this.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by citing statistic relating to child marriages.
Body:
First, mention the factors leading to child marriages – historical factors, poverty, lack of education, girls being considered as burden etc.
Next, write about the impact of child marriages on child brides – health indicators, education, psychology, pregnancy etc.
Next, write about the steps that are needed to put an end to this practise.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the quasi-federal features of Indian polity.
Directive word:
Elucidate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining Quasi-Federal nature of Indian polity as mentioned by K.C Wheare.
Body:
First, write about the federal features of Indian polity – dual polity, division of powers, written constitution etc.
Next, write about the unitary features of Indian polity – States Not Indestructible, No Equality of State Representation, emergency provisions etc.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
Topic: Functions and responsibilities of the Union and the States, issues and challenges pertaining to the federal structure, devolution of powers and finances up to local levels and challenges therein.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 2 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the shortcomings of PRI’s on fiscal and functional decentralisation and suggest measures to overcome them.
Directive word:
Critically examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we have to look into the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a fair judgment.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by writing about the aims and objectives of 73rd Constitution Amendment Act.
Body:
First, write in detail about how political decentralisation has been a success with respect to PRI’s. Write about the various achievements of these bodies.
Next, write about various shortcomings of PRIs on fiscal decentralisation – lack of funds, issues with CSS, lack of agency to generate own revenues etc.
Next, write about various shortcomings of PRIs on functional decentralisation – overlapping functions with state government, absence of a proper workforce, accountability issues etc.
Next, suggest measures to overcome the above.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
By agreeing to India’s proposal to create the Startup20 Engagement Group — the only new group — the Group of Twenty has turned itself into an ambidextrous institution, one where both large corporations and startups have an equal voice in taking the economies forward. In the new architecture, while the existing B20 Engagement Group continues its focus on corporations, the Startup20 takes on the policy issues concerning the global startup ecosystem, with the necessary linkages between the two groups.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the need to reap dividends of both large corporations and start-ups for higher economic growth.
Directive word:
Comment– here we must express our knowledge and understanding of the issue and form an overall opinion thereupon.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context by citing statistic related corporate vis-à-vis start-up in the Indian economy.
Body:
First, write about the advantages offered by the large corporations – stable, economically profitable, well established etc. Write about their limitations.
Next, write about the advantages offered by the start-ups – innovative, new opportunities, ability to work of new technologies, less risk etc. Write about their limitations.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a balanced opinion on the above.
Topic: Indian Economy and issues relating to planning, mobilization, of resources, growth, development and employment.
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
While data released by the government on Wednesday shows that India’s exports and imports declined by 6.59% and 3.63% respectively in January, there are indications that the current account deficit (CAD) – difference between exports and imports – will moderate despite the global slowdown triggered by the rising inflation and interest rates.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the current account deficit, reasons for its moderation and its impact on the Indian economy.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by defining current account deficit.
Body:
Frist, write about the factors that have led to moderating current account deficit in the recent past despite major economic slowdown and decline in exports.
Next, write about the impact of moderating current account deficit will have on the Indian economy. Substantiate with facts and examples.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Case Study
-
- Is deception legitimate when the aim is to tell the truth? Analyse the ethicality of sting operations.
- Can television reporters use hidden cameras to get a story? Can journalists use false identities to gain access to information?
- To what extent can the media go and to what extent should a person be informed?
(250 words)
Difficulty level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Case Study Fridays’ in Mission-2023 Secure.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
- Debate about the ethicality of sting operations – where it is considered and where it is not.
- Write about using hidden cameras and false identities to procure legitimate information. Bring in the aspect of ethics of journalism.
- Write about what can be considered ethical sting operations and what are certain boundaries that must not be crossed by journalists.
Conclusion:
Conclude by giving a balanced opinion on sting operations.
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