Topic: Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.
1. How did the green revolution affect agriculture, and what factors hindered the adoption of High Yielding Varieties (HYV) across India? Examine the reasons for various disparities in Indian agriculture due to green revolution.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Indian Express
Why the question:
Agriculture in green revolution states cannot be saved unless a substantial part of rice cultivation is moved from there to eastern states. And that can be done only when the State builds robust ecosystems for alternative crops as it had done for rice and wheat.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the pros and cons of green revolution in India. Also, to write about the constraints on spread of HYV and disparities created by it.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context of introduction of HYV in India in the face of acute food crisis leading to the green revolution.
Body:
In the first part, write about the pros and cons of the green revolution. The HYV technology increased agricultural output manifold, increase in yield of crops, fast adoption, modern equipment, self-sufficiency etc. Cons like disparities, ecological impact, use of chemical fertiliser etc.
Next part, write about the constraints that limited the spread of HYV – irrigation, lack of farmer’s knowledge, unsatisfactory land tenure system etc.
Next, write about the various disparities created by the green revolution in agriculture.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising the overall impact of the green revolution in India.
