[MISSION 2023] Insights SECURE : Daily UPSC Mains Answer Writing Practice: 10 February 2023

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General Studies – 1

Topic: population and associated issues

1. With Indian becoming world’s most populous nation in 2023, it offers opportunities as well as poses a lot of concerns. It will depend on how the government frames policies and strategies to effectively unleash the full potential of its young people. Analyse. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Easy

Reference: Insights on India

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about to opportunities and concerns associated with a large population and need for proper policymaking to reach the full potential of population.

Directive word: 

Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving context.

Body:

First, write about the advantages of a having a large population – demographic dividend, More working-age population, more tax revenues and high growth rate etc.

Next, write about the disadvantages of a having a large population – resource crunch, high rate of poverty and hunger, unemployment etc.

Next, write about the need to have proper policymaking and strategy to reap the full potential of India’s demographic dividend and components of policy.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

Topic: urbanization, their problems and their remedies.

2. We must rethink, reimagine and re-establish the very purpose and approach towards planning of cities and towns in India. We need to urgently and significantly ramp up the present cumulative capacity of urban planning in the country to avoid the creeping and silent crisis that is overtaking urban settlements. Examine. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Insights on India

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the various issues due to poor planning of urban cities and measures needed to rectify it.

Directive word: 

Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by mentioning the lack of proper planning has been a bane for urban cities of India.

Body:

First, mention the various issues plaguing urban areas such as a need for affordable housing, issues of urban slums, waste management, poor drainage etc. Cite statistics to substantiate.

Next, mention about the major aspects that needs to change with regards to urban planning and mention the various factors that must be taken in to account in urban planning to have sustainable and resilient cities.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

General Studies – 2

Topic: Issues Government policies and interventions for development in various sectors and issues arising out of their design and implementation.

3. What are the reasons for low Female Labour Force Participation Rate in the country? Evaluate the governmental measures that have been taken to promote women in the workforce. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Tough

Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India

Why the question:

Economic Survey tries to address a longstanding policy problem by developing a better method to count women’s participation in the labour force

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the reasons for low Female Labour Force Participation Rate and governmental measures to improve it, their successes and limitations.

Directive word: 

Evaluate – When you are asked to evaluate, you have to pass a sound judgement about the truth of the given statement in the question or the topic based on evidence.  You must appraise the worth of the statement in question. There is scope for forming an opinion here.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by citing statistic regards to Female Labour Force Participation Rate in the country.

Body:

First, write about the reasons for low Female Labour Force Participation Rate in the country – educational enrolment of young women, lack of employment opportunities, effect of household income on participation etc.

Next, write about the various measures taken by the government for promoting women in labour – cite policy measures and schemes. Evaluate their successes and limitations.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

Topic: Bilateral, regional and global groupings and agreements involving India and/or affecting India’s interests.

4. India and France are time tested partners with their 25 years of strategic partnership covering range of bilateral issues such as defence cooperation, space, blue economy, civil nuclear and people-to-people ties. Elaborate. (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India

Why the question:

The celebration by India and France of 25 years of their strategic partnership (January 26) presents an important opportunity for both to introspect on their relations. Signed in 1998, the time-tested strategic partnership has continued to gain momentum over shared values and aspirations of peace, stability and, most importantly, their desire for strategic autonomy.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about the achievements in 25 years of Indo-France strategic partnership.

Directive word: 

Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by giving context of 25 years of Indo-France strategic partnership.

Body:

First, discuss about the historic relations between the India and France in brief.

Next, write about the major areas of cooperation and major achievements in the Indo-France relationship in the past 25 years.

Next, write about the further potential in the Indo-French relations especially given the current geopolitical turmoil in Europe. Elaborate on the aspect of importance of multilateralism and have a common respect for international rules and regulations that both the countries share.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward in order to achieve the potential.

General Studies – 2

Topic: Conservation, environmental pollution and degradation, environmental impact assessment.

5. What are Kelp forests? Write about their ecological and economic importance. Examine the various threats faced by these forests and possible conservation strategies to safeguard them with a special emphasis on the role indigenous knowledge could play in the conservation efforts.  (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Down to Earth

Why the question:

Even as large underwater forests of kelp, brown marine algae seaweeds, are declining by roughly 1.8 per cent annually, there is little information on how local conditions impact their response to global stress factors.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about Kelp forests, their ecological and economic importance and strategies needed for their conservation.

Directive word: 

Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by defining Kelp forests.

Body:

First, write about the economic significance of Kelp forests – fisheries, aquaculture and recreational activities etc.

Next, write about the ecological significance of Kelp forests – ecosystem services, carbon sequestration etc.

Next, write about the various threats faced by Kelp forests – climate change, eutrophication and shoreline development, among other human-induced stressors.

Next, write about the conservation strategies needed to protect Kelp forests and role that Indigenous knowledge can play in this regard.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

Topic: Disaster and disaster management.

6. What is a glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF)? Analyse India’s vulnerabilities to GLOF. Is India prepared and equipped to handle a GLOF disaster? (250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Reference: Down to Earth , Insights on India

Why the question:

Three million Indians live in areas where a glacial lake outburst flood (GLOF) can happen at any time, the first global assessment of such areas has found.

Key Demand of the question:

To write about GLOF, India’s vulnerability and preparedness in tackling it.

Directive word: 

Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction: 

Begin by defining a GLOF.

Body:

First, write about how vulnerable India is to a GLOF. Cite statistics to substantiate and previous GLOF disaster faced by India.

Next, write about preparedness of India in handling a GLOF disaster – mention the steps that have been already taken, their strengths and limitations. Mention further steps that can be taken in this regard.

Conclusion:

Conclude by writing a way forward.

General Studies – 4

Topic: Case Study

7. Titu is hesitant to talk about his work. All the 32-year-old is willing to say is that he is a cleaner. In reality, Titu and many other manual scavengers like him dive into sewer tanks to flush out stagnant filth inside. In the name of protective gear, all they have is a belt tied around their torso and attached to a rope.

Titus’s plight resonates with thousands of his brethren who continue to do this work that is prohibited by laws. Since Independence, the Indian government has adopted several measures and policies to end this practice. The Civil Rights Act of 1955 protects anyone from being forced to engage in manual scavenging. The Employment of Manual Scavengers and Con­struction of Dry Latrines (Prohibition) Act of 1993, and the Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and Their Rehabilitation Act, 2013 that the Indian Parliament has pas­sed, all reaffirm its commitment to eradicating manual scavenging. Further, on March 27, 2014, the Supreme Court ruled that India’s Con­­­stitution requires the government to intervene to prohibit manual scavenging and to “reh­abilitate” all those involved.

Many manual scavengers have lost their life due to toxic fumes in the pits and this inhuman practise has continued unabated.

1. 1. As an administrator what measures will you take to combat manual scavenging?
   2. What steps will you take as administrator for successful rehabilitation of manual scavengers like Titu?

(250 words)

Difficulty level: Moderate

Why the question:

The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Case Study Fridays’ in Mission-2023 Secure.

Structure of the answer:

Introduction:

Begin by giving context.

Body:

1. Write about various steps that you will take to end the practise of Manual scavenging.
2. Mention the Write about various steps that you will take rehabilitate manual scavengers.

Conclusion:

Conclude by summarising.

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