[MISSION 2023] RTM(Revision through MCQs)- 31 Jan 2023

Ans: (d)

Explanation:

• The Finance Commission consists of a chairman and four other members to be appointed by the president. They hold office for such a period as specified by the president in his order. They are eligible for reappointment. Hence statement 1 is incorrect
• The Constitution authorizes the Parliament to determine the qualifications of members of the commission and the manner in which they should be selected. Hence statement 2 is also incorrect.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/31/centre-to-roll-out-process-to-set-up-16th-finance-commission-soon/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• It is a constitutional body constituted every 5 years by the President of India under Article 280 of the Indian Constitution to define the Centre-state’s financial relations.
• The Chairman of the Finance Commission must be a person having experience in public affairs. The other 4 members must be:
  • A high Court Judge or one qualified to be appointed as such;
  • A person with special knowledge of the finances and accounts of the government;
  • A person with wide experience in financial matters and administration;
  • A person with special knowledge of economics.

Refer: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/31/centre-to-roll-out-process-to-set-up-16th-finance-commission-soon/

Ans: (d)

Explanation:About Neglected Tropical Diseases:

• NTDs are a group of 20 conditions mainly prevalent in tropical areas where people do not have access to clean water or safe ways to dispose of human waste.
• They are caused by various pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, parasites, fungi, and toxins.
• NTDs are most common among marginalized communities in the developing regions of Africa, Asia, and the Americas

Refer:https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/31/neglected-tropical-diseases-day-poorest-countries-continue-to-be-most-affected-says-who/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• The Mughals (1526-1858) were known to appreciate gardens e.g., Babur (in Babur Nama) says that his favourite kind of garden is the Persian char Bagh style (literally, four gardens).
• Charbagh is a Persian-style garden layout, in which the main building is put at the centre of a quadrilateral garden, divided by walkways or flowing water into four smaller parts.
• This style was brought to India by the Mughals
• Humayun’s tomb, Nishat Bagh (Sri Nagar) and Taj Mahal are the most famous examples of this style.
• The char Bagh structure was intended to create a representation of heaven- in which humans co-exist in perfect harmony with all elements of nature
• An important feature of these gardens is the use of waterways to demarcate the various quadrants of the garden.
• Fountains were often built, symbolising the “cycle of life.”

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/31/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-31-january-2023/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• Nitrates not only affect surface water but also pollute groundwater sources.
• Nitrous oxide (N2O) gas should not be confused with nitric oxide (NO) or nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Neither nitric oxide nor nitrogen dioxide are greenhouse gases. Nitrous oxide is a greenhouse gas.
• Nitrogen particles make up the largest fraction of PM2.5, the class of pollutants closely linked to cardiovascular and respiratory illness
• Though agriculture remains the largest contributor to nitrogen emissions, the non-agricultural emissions of nitrogen oxides and nitrous oxide are growing rapidly, with sewage and fossil-fuel burning — for power, transport and industry — leading the trend.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/31/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-31-january-2023/

Ans: (a)

Explanation:

• A natural source of nitrogen oxides occurs from a lightning stroke. The very high temperature in the vicinity of a lightning bolt causes the gases oxygen and nitrogen in the air to react to form nitric oxide. The nitric oxide very quickly reacts with more oxygen to form nitrogen dioxide.
• Nitrous oxide is actually removed from the atmosphere when it is absorbed by certain types of bacteria or destroyed by ultraviolet radiation or chemical reactions.
• Nitrous oxide emissions occur naturally through many sources associated with the nitrogen cycle, which is the natural circulation of nitrogen among the atmosphere, plants, animals, and microorganisms that live in soil and water.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/31/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-31-january-2023/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Aviation Gasoline Fuel, also known as Avgas, is a high-octane gasoline fuel specifically designed for use in aircraft engines. It has a higher volatility, a different composition, and is treated with lead compounds to improve its performance. Avgas is not suitable for use in cars, trucks, boats, or power plants, making it the most suitable choice for use in aircrafts.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/31/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-31-january-2023/

Ans: (b)

Explanation:

• Senna spectabilis isa deciduous tree native to tropical areas of America
• The thick foliage of the tree arrests the growth of other indigenous tree and grass species. Thus, it causes food shortagesfor the wildlife population, especially herbivores
• IUCN: Least Concern
• Invasion of Senna spectabilis is most severe in Wayanad Wildlife Sanctuary and nearby forests
• They are often grown as an ornamental in front yards, parks, gardens, buildings etc. due to their bright yellow flowers that bloom during the summer months.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/31/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-31-january-2023/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• It is part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve along with Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, Bandipur National Park, Nagarhole National Park, Mukurthi National Park, and Silent Valley.
• It has the world’s largest recorded population of the Asiatic elephant
• River: Kabini and its three tributaries (Kabini is the tributary of the Kaveri rivers)

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/31/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-31-january-2023/

Ans: (c)

Explanation:

• Red-headed vulture (also called Asian King vulture or Pondicherry Vulture) was extensively found in India but its numbers drastically reduced after diclofenac poisoning.
  • IUCN: Critically Endangered
• What is diclofenac poisoning?
  • Diclofenac, an anti-inflammatory agent and painkiller, is known to be linked to the rapid decline of vulture populations in Southeast Asia. The birds were exposed to the medicine after eating carcasses of animals that had recently been treated with diclofenac and subsequently died of kidney failure.

Refer: facts for prelims: https://www.insightsonindia.com/2023/01/31/mission-2023-insights-daily-current-affairs-pib-summary-31-january-2023/