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General Studies – 1
Topic: Post-independence consolidation and reorganization within the country.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Indian Express
Why the question:
The government’s decision to issue notice to Pakistan, calling for negotiations to amend the Indus Waters Treaty.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the significance and shortcomings of Indus Waters Treaty between India and Pakistan.
Directive word:
Analyse – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context about the Indus Waters Treaty.
Body:
First, write about the major provisions of the Indus Waters Treaty between India and Pakistan.
Next, write about the successes of Indus Waters Treaty in ensuring peaceful coexistence despite troubled relations between the both countries and its significance.
Next, write about the various issues in the Indus Waters Treaty which have affected both the parties and possible solutions to it.
Conclusion:
Conclude with a way forward.
Topic: Salient features of world’s physical geography.
Difficulty level: Easy
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about how we can understand the interior of earth by using various sources and its importance.
Directive word:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning that the structure of earth’s interior.
Body:
First, write about the direct sources of information about the earth’s Interior.
Next, write about the direct sources of information about the earth’s Interior – rate of change of temperature and pressure, Meteors, Gravitation, Seismic Waves and Magnetic sources etc. Explain them brief.
Next, write about the importance of studying the importance of earth.
Conclusion:
Conclude by summarising.
Topic: Salient features of world’s physical geography.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Insights on India
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 1 and mentioned as part of Mission-2023 Secure timetable.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the process of the formation of Karst landforms and their various types.
Directive word:
Elaborate – Give a detailed account as to how and why it occurred, or what is the context. You must be defining key terms wherever appropriate and substantiate with relevant associated facts.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by mentioning of landforms formed by the action of ground water.
Body:
First, explain the chemical process by which Karst landforms are formed.
Next, Explain the features like; Sinkholes and caves are erosional landforms formed due to the action of ground water.
Next, explain depositional landforms of groundwater. With neat diagrams the karst landforms associated with groundwater.
Conclusion:
Conclude with significance of such action of ground water in creation of landforms.
General Studies – 2
Topic: Issues relating to development and management of Social Sector/Services relating to Health, Education, Human Resources.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: Down to Earth , Insights on India
Why the question:
Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTD) continue to disproportionately impact the most impoverished members of the international community, living in areas with inadequate water safety, sanitation and access to health care, said a new World Health Organization (WHO) report.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about NTDs, its disproportionate impact and steps needed to combat it in the country.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by defining NTDs and giving the example of the same.
Body:
Frist, write about the impact of NTDs on impoverished communities and their socio-economic consequences. Substantiate with facts and examples.
Next, write about the steps that are needed to combat NTDs. Mention a holistic approach towards combating the diseases in both preventive and curative ways.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 3
Topic: Issues related to direct and indirect farm subsidies and minimum support prices; Public Distribution System- objectives, functioning, limitations, revamping; issues of buffer stocks and food security; Technology missions; economics of animal-rearing.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Reference: The Hindu , Insights on India
Why the question:
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) has declared 2023 as the International Year of Millets. Millets have special nutritive properties (they are high in protein, dietary fibre, micronutrients and antioxidants) and special agronomic characteristics (drought-resistant and suitable for semi-arid regions).
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the constraints in increased millet cultivation and consumption and steps that are needed to make millet cultivation profitable.
Directive word:
Examine – When asked to ‘Examine’, we must investigate the topic (content words) in detail, inspect it, investigate it and establish the key facts and issues related to the topic in question. While doing so we should explain why these facts and issues are important and their implications.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Begin by giving context.
Body:
First, present a statistic regarding the growth of millets in India and advantages offered by millet cultivation.
Next, write about the constraints in millet cultivation and consumption – lack of renumeration, lack of promotion, lack of awareness etc.
Next, write about the steps that are needed to make millet cultivation profitable.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
Topic: issues relating to intellectual property rights
Difficulty level: Tough
Reference: Indian Express , Insights on India
Why the question:
In May 2016, the then Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (now known as the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade) under the Ministry of Commerce released the 32-page National IPR Policy. The overall purpose of this document was to spell out the government’s comprehensive vision for the IPR ecosystem in the country towards shaping a more innovative and creative Bharat.
Key Demand of the question:
To evaluate the performance of IPR regime in India and to suggest changes to IPR policy to balance protecting patents while prioritising national interest.
Directive word:
Critically analyze – When asked to analyse, you must examine methodically the structure or nature of the topic by separating it into component parts and present them in a summary. When ‘critically’ is suffixed or prefixed to a directive, one needs to look at the good and bad of the topic and give a balanced judgment on the topic.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start the answer by giving an overview of IPR regime in India. Give stats with respect to applied and approved IPR’s.
Body:
In the first part, give brief overview of National IPR Policy, 2016 and mention the challenges in enforcing Intellectual property rights (IPR) in India – procedural and substantive constraints, legal aspects, conflict with competition law, low awareness, counterfeiting and piracy, IP Financing, etc.
Mention IPR regime has gained further significance in light of the Government’s focus on ‘Make in India’ and ‘Atmanirbhar Bharat’ and Covid-19 pandemic.
Next write about changes that are needed to National IPR Policy in order balance between protecting the rights of the IPR holders and national interest.
Conclusion:
Conclude by writing a way forward.
General Studies – 4
Topic: Aptitude and foundational values for Civil Service, integrity, impartiality and nonpartisanship, objectivity, dedication to public service, empathy, tolerance and compassion towards the weaker-sections.
Difficulty level: Moderate
Why the question:
The question is part of the static syllabus of General studies paper – 4 and part of ‘Conceptual Tuesdays’ in Mission-2022 Secure.
Key Demand of the question:
To write about the importance of objectivity.
Directive:
Discuss – This is an all-encompassing directive – you must debate on paper by going through the details of the issues concerned by examining each one of them. You must give reasons for both for and against arguments.
Structure of the answer:
Introduction:
Start by defining objectivity.
Body:
Write about how Objectivity helps in taking decisions based upon established facts and figures, helps avoid personal opinion and bias and arrive at fair decision.
Cite suitable examples to substantiate your points.
Conclusion:
Complete the answer by stressing on its significance.
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